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NURS 341 > Mod 1: Section 2 > Flashcards

Mod 1: Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Analysis

A

-division of content into parts to understand each aspect of the study

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2
Q

Concept

A
  • building blocks of a theory
  • Image or symbolic representation of an abstract idea
  • concepts are the same as phenomenon in qualitative research
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3
Q

Conceptual Definition

A

-general meaning of a concept

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4
Q

Conceptual Framework

A

-structural representation of concepts, theories or both that is used to construct a map of study

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5
Q

Constructs

A

-abstraction that are deliberatley and systematically invented for specific purpose

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6
Q

Critique

A

-process of objectively and critically evaluating the content of research reports for scientific merit and application to practice, theory or education

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7
Q

Data

A

-numerical (quantitative) and non-numerical (qualitative) data are collected by the researcher during the course of the study

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8
Q

Deductive

A

-drawing conclusions from the general to specific

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9
Q

Hypothesis

A

-best guess or prediction about what a researcher expects to find with regard to the relationship between 2 or more variables

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10
Q

Inductive

A

generalizing from specific

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11
Q

Model

A

-symbolic representation of a set of concepts that is created to depict relationships

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12
Q

Nursing research

A

-systemic process of investigation problems to gain knowledge about improving the care that nurses provide

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13
Q

Nursing Science

A

-the body of knowledge that is unique to the discipline of nursing

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14
Q

Relationships

A

-association between 2 or more phenomena or variables.

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15
Q

Replication

A

-ability to repeat a study using the same variables and methods or a slight variation

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16
Q

Research Rigour

A

-striving for excellence in research, which involved discipline, scrupulous adherence to detail and strict accuracy

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17
Q

Scientific Inquiry

A

-process of critically analyzing data systematically gathered about phenomenon

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18
Q

Scientific Method

A
  • research process that involves selecting and defining the problems
  • formulating research questions or hypothesis or both, collecting data and analyzing data
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19
Q

Theoretical Framework

A

-structural representation of concepts, theories or both used to construct a map to study

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20
Q

Theory

A

-a set of interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena for the purpose of explaining and making predictions about the phenomena

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21
Q

Variables

A

-measurable characteristic that differs among the subjects being studied

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22
Q

Variables in Quantitative

A

-search to understand how or why things vary and to learn how differences in one variable relate to differences in another

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23
Q

Characteristics of Variables

A
  • usually inherent human traits

- can be created

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24
Q

Discrete Variables

A

-variables with finite values between 2 points or include specific categories

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25
Continuous Variables
-variables that can be represented by a continuum or have an infinite number of values
26
Dependent variables
- represents the outcomes of research study - influenced by other variables - the "effect" in the cause-effect * *can indicate direction of influence rather than cause and effect**
27
Independent Variables
- the treatment or condition that the researcher controls to test their effects on the outcome * *can indicate direction of influence rather than cause and effect**
28
Intervening Variable
- shows link between an independent and dependent variable | - how independent influences the dependent
29
Conceptual and operational definitions
-when undertaking a study researchers must provide a definition for what they are looking at to allow others to understand how it is being conceptualized
30
Data in qualitative
-usually narrative notes on behaviour, obtained through conversing notes in the naturalistic setting
31
Data in quantitative
- define/identify variables and collect relevant data | - Values of study constitute data usually in numeric form
32
Relationships in Quantitative
- interested between independent and outcome - expressed as more than or less than - studies done to see if a relationship exists among variables and measure it's strength
33
Causal Relationships
-one causing influence and effecting the other
34
Associative (functional) variables
-when 2 or more variables occur concurrently but do not necessarily cause each other
35
Relationships in Qualitative
-seek patterns of association as a way to show underlying meaning
36
Major steps in Quanitative study
1. Conceptual 2. The design and planning phase 3. Empirical Phase 4. The analytical phase 5. Dissemination phase
37
1. Conceptual Phase: | a. Formulating and delimiting the problem
-identify an interesting research problem and create a research question -identify the variables -must answer the following questions: 1. is it important 2. is there a conceptual framework 3. is it useful for clinical practice 4. how can it be answered to yield high quality evidence 5. can it be addressed ethically
38
1. Conceptual Phase: | b. Reviewing and related literature
- done within context of previous knowledge | - done to know what is already knwon
39
1. Conceptual phase | c. Undertaking clincial framework
-beneficial to start research in area of work
40
1. Conceptual Phase | d. Defining the framework and developing conceptual definition
- may have broader significance and utility | - should have conceptual rationale and clear vision of concepts under study
41
1. Conceptual Phase: | e. Formulating Hypothesis
- state the researchers expectations of the variables | - identifies concepts of interest and asks how they might be related
42
2. Design and Planning Phase:
-decide on the methods they will use to address the research question
43
2. Design and Planning Phase: | a. Selecting a research design
- overall plan for obtaining answers to the research questions - controlled to minimize bias
44
2. Design and Planning Phase: | b. developing protocols for the interventions
- create independent variables (participants are exposed to different treatments) - must say what the intervention entails
45
2. Design and Planning Phase: | c. Identifying the population
-need to identify the characteristics that the participants should posses
46
2. Design and Planning Phase: | d. Designing sample plan
- collect data from the data - specifies how the sample will be selected and how many will be selected - should reflect characteristics of the population
47
2. Design and Planning Phase: | e. Specifying methods to measure variables
-primary methods: >self reports >observations > biophsiological measurments
48
2. Design and Planning Phase: | f. Developing methods to safeguard human/animal rights
-must be ethical
49
2. Design and Planning Phase: | g. Reviewing and finalizing the research plan
- assessments completed to ensure smooth procedure | - get others to review your work and get critiques
50
3. Empirical Phase:
- collecting the research data | - mst time consuming
51
3. Empirical Phase: | a. Collecting the data
- often goes according to plan | - plan says when and where data will be collected
52
3. Empirical Phase: | b. Preparing the data for analysis
- needs to prepped for analysis - Example: - coding
53
4. Analytical Phase: | a. Analyzing the data
- to answer questions/test hypothesis must analyze findings in systematic fashion - statistical analysis- computing an average
54
4. Analytical Phase: | b. Interpreting the results
- making sense of the results and implications | - coming to conclusions about the clinical significance
55
5.Dissemination Phase:
-questions at the outset are answered
56
5. Dissemination Phase: | a. Communicating findings
-create research reports to be shared with others
57
5. Dissemination Phase: | b. Putting evidence into practice
-create recommendation on how the evidence could be used
58
Activities in Qualitative
- more flexible than quantitative - the flow can vary - always evaluating
59
Qualitative: | Planning the study
- Identify the problem - do a lit review (shows what is already known) - develop safeguards for participants
60
Qualitative: | Develop data collection
- chose type and method of collection | - where to get data and who from
61
Qualitative | Gathering and analyzing data
- collect data - organize and analyze data - evaluate the collection process - evaluate if you have enough- data saturation * *if there isn't enough then go back to data collection phase**
62
Qualitative: | Dissemination phase
- communicate findings | - utilize and recommend methods in practice and future research

NURS 341 (11 decks)

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