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NURS 341 > Mod 1: Section 2 > Flashcards

Mod 1: Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Analysis

A

-division of content into parts to understand each aspect of the study

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2
Q

Concept

A
  • building blocks of a theory
  • Image or symbolic representation of an abstract idea
  • concepts are the same as phenomenon in qualitative research
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3
Q

Conceptual Definition

A

-general meaning of a concept

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4
Q

Conceptual Framework

A

-structural representation of concepts, theories or both that is used to construct a map of study

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5
Q

Constructs

A

-abstraction that are deliberatley and systematically invented for specific purpose

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6
Q

Critique

A

-process of objectively and critically evaluating the content of research reports for scientific merit and application to practice, theory or education

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7
Q

Data

A

-numerical (quantitative) and non-numerical (qualitative) data are collected by the researcher during the course of the study

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8
Q

Deductive

A

-drawing conclusions from the general to specific

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9
Q

Hypothesis

A

-best guess or prediction about what a researcher expects to find with regard to the relationship between 2 or more variables

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10
Q

Inductive

A

generalizing from specific

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11
Q

Model

A

-symbolic representation of a set of concepts that is created to depict relationships

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12
Q

Nursing research

A

-systemic process of investigation problems to gain knowledge about improving the care that nurses provide

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13
Q

Nursing Science

A

-the body of knowledge that is unique to the discipline of nursing

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14
Q

Relationships

A

-association between 2 or more phenomena or variables.

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15
Q

Replication

A

-ability to repeat a study using the same variables and methods or a slight variation

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16
Q

Research Rigour

A

-striving for excellence in research, which involved discipline, scrupulous adherence to detail and strict accuracy

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17
Q

Scientific Inquiry

A

-process of critically analyzing data systematically gathered about phenomenon

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18
Q

Scientific Method

A
  • research process that involves selecting and defining the problems
  • formulating research questions or hypothesis or both, collecting data and analyzing data
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19
Q

Theoretical Framework

A

-structural representation of concepts, theories or both used to construct a map to study

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20
Q

Theory

A

-a set of interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena for the purpose of explaining and making predictions about the phenomena

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21
Q

Variables

A

-measurable characteristic that differs among the subjects being studied

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22
Q

Variables in Quantitative

A

-search to understand how or why things vary and to learn how differences in one variable relate to differences in another

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23
Q

Characteristics of Variables

A
  • usually inherent human traits

- can be created

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24
Q

Discrete Variables

A

-variables with finite values between 2 points or include specific categories

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25
Q

Continuous Variables

A

-variables that can be represented by a continuum or have an infinite number of values

26
Q

Dependent variables

A
  • represents the outcomes of research study
  • influenced by other variables
  • the “effect” in the cause-effect
  • *can indicate direction of influence rather than cause and effect**
27
Q

Independent Variables

A
  • the treatment or condition that the researcher controls to test their effects on the outcome
  • *can indicate direction of influence rather than cause and effect**
28
Q

Intervening Variable

A
  • shows link between an independent and dependent variable

- how independent influences the dependent

29
Q

Conceptual and operational definitions

A

-when undertaking a study researchers must provide a definition for what they are looking at to allow others to understand how it is being conceptualized

30
Q

Data in qualitative

A

-usually narrative notes on behaviour, obtained through conversing notes in the naturalistic setting

31
Q

Data in quantitative

A
  • define/identify variables and collect relevant data

- Values of study constitute data usually in numeric form

32
Q

Relationships in Quantitative

A
  • interested between independent and outcome
  • expressed as more than or less than
  • studies done to see if a relationship exists among variables and measure it’s strength
33
Q

Causal Relationships

A

-one causing influence and effecting the other

34
Q

Associative (functional) variables

A

-when 2 or more variables occur concurrently but do not necessarily cause each other

35
Q

Relationships in Qualitative

A

-seek patterns of association as a way to show underlying meaning

36
Q

Major steps in Quanitative study

A
  1. Conceptual
  2. The design and planning phase
  3. Empirical Phase
  4. The analytical phase
  5. Dissemination phase
37
Q
  1. Conceptual Phase:

a. Formulating and delimiting the problem

A

-identify an interesting research problem and create a research question
-identify the variables
-must answer the following questions:
1. is it important
2. is there a conceptual framework
3. is it useful for clinical practice
4. how can it be answered to yield high
quality evidence
5. can it be addressed ethically

38
Q
  1. Conceptual Phase:

b. Reviewing and related literature

A
  • done within context of previous knowledge

- done to know what is already knwon

39
Q
  1. Conceptual phase

c. Undertaking clincial framework

A

-beneficial to start research in area of work

40
Q
  1. Conceptual Phase

d. Defining the framework and developing conceptual definition

A
  • may have broader significance and utility

- should have conceptual rationale and clear vision of concepts under study

41
Q
  1. Conceptual Phase:

e. Formulating Hypothesis

A
  • state the researchers expectations of the variables

- identifies concepts of interest and asks how they might be related

42
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:
A

-decide on the methods they will use to address the research question

43
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

a. Selecting a research design

A
  • overall plan for obtaining answers to the research questions
  • controlled to minimize bias
44
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

b. developing protocols for the interventions

A
  • create independent variables (participants are exposed to different treatments)
  • must say what the intervention entails
45
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

c. Identifying the population

A

-need to identify the characteristics that the participants should posses

46
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

d. Designing sample plan

A
  • collect data from the data
  • specifies how the sample will be selected and how many will be selected
  • should reflect characteristics of the population
47
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

e. Specifying methods to measure variables

A

-primary methods:
>self reports
>observations
> biophsiological measurments

48
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

f. Developing methods to safeguard human/animal rights

A

-must be ethical

49
Q
  1. Design and Planning Phase:

g. Reviewing and finalizing the research plan

A
  • assessments completed to ensure smooth procedure

- get others to review your work and get critiques

50
Q
  1. Empirical Phase:
A
  • collecting the research data

- mst time consuming

51
Q
  1. Empirical Phase:

a. Collecting the data

A
  • often goes according to plan

- plan says when and where data will be collected

52
Q
  1. Empirical Phase:

b. Preparing the data for analysis

A
  • needs to prepped for analysis
  • Example:
    • coding
53
Q
  1. Analytical Phase:

a. Analyzing the data

A
  • to answer questions/test hypothesis must analyze findings in systematic fashion
  • statistical analysis- computing an average
54
Q
  1. Analytical Phase:

b. Interpreting the results

A
  • making sense of the results and implications

- coming to conclusions about the clinical significance

55
Q

5.Dissemination Phase:

A

-questions at the outset are answered

56
Q
  1. Dissemination Phase:

a. Communicating findings

A

-create research reports to be shared with others

57
Q
  1. Dissemination Phase:

b. Putting evidence into practice

A

-create recommendation on how the evidence could be used

58
Q

Activities in Qualitative

A
  • more flexible than quantitative
  • the flow can vary
  • always evaluating
59
Q

Qualitative:

Planning the study

A
  • Identify the problem
  • do a lit review (shows what is already known)
  • develop safeguards for participants
60
Q

Qualitative:

Develop data collection

A
  • chose type and method of collection

- where to get data and who from

61
Q

Qualitative

Gathering and analyzing data

A
  • collect data
  • organize and analyze data
  • evaluate the collection process
  • evaluate if you have enough- data saturation
  • *if there isn’t enough then go back to data collection phase**
62
Q

Qualitative:

Dissemination phase

A
  • communicate findings

- utilize and recommend methods in practice and future research

NURS 341 (11 decks)

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