Mod 1: Intro to Immune System Flashcards
Function of Discrimination
Recognize self from non-self
Function of Elimination
- Destroy non-self (pathogen)
- Destroy altered self-cells (ex: cancer)
Autoimmunity & Hypersensitivity
Misdirected/overly active immune system
Immunodeficiency
Underactive immune system ex: AIDS
Antigen
Foreign protein
Antibody
A protein produced in response to, and countering, a specific antigen
What is the most important property in order for these defense mechanisms to work properly and protect us?
Balance
Lymphatic System
Network of vessels that drain fluid (lymph)
Circulatory System
Where the lymph comes from and goes after being filtered
Immune System
Travels between systems
5 Lymphoid Organs and Tissues
-Bone Marrow
-Lymph Nodes
-MALT
-Spleen
Thymus
Which are Primary (maturation)?
- Bone Marrow
- Thymus
Which are Secondary (activation)?
- Spleen
- MALT
- Lymph Nodes
Site of hematopoiesis & B-cell development?
Red Bone Marrow
Site of leukocyte development & produced fat and cartilage?
Yellow Bone Marrow
Filled with lymphocytes, macrophages, & dendritic cells, filters lymph, first lymphoid structure encountered?
Lymph Nodes
Initiates immune responses to
specific antigens encountered along all mucosal surfaces?
MALT
Has red pulp filters the blood
& white pulp is the site of development of immune responses against antigens found in the bloodstream?
Spleen
Site of T-cell development & maturation?
Thymus
How is discrimination achieved?
MHC class I/II
4 steps of elimination?
Pathogen, Recognition, Activation, Elimination
Evolution of Lymphoid Tissues:
- all vertebrates have
- most vertebrates have
- not many vertebrates generate lymphocytes here
- not all vertebrates generate
- GALT
- Thymus/Spleen
- Bone Marrow
- Lymph Nodes
Most efficient phagocyte of innate response & is located in tissues
Macrophage
Contributor to coagulation wound healing, fibrinolysis & have inflammatory functions that influence adaptive and innate
Platelets (erythrocytes)
Phagocyte located in blood, and penetrate tissues
Monocytes
Located in granulocytes & play a role in the development of allergies
Mast cell
Most abundant type of leukocyte and has characteristics of both granulocytes and phagocytes
Neutrophil
Non-phagocytic granulocytes,
role in development of allergies
Basophil
Phagocytic granules, defense against multicellular parasites like helminths
Eosinophil
In innate & adaptive immunity, first cells of immune system
Dendritic Cell
Granular lymphocytes, recognize tumor or virus-infected cells
Natural Killer Cell
Non-phagocytic w/ specific receptors at cell surface called TLR
T-cell
Produce and secrete highly specialized antibodies
Plasmocytes
5 Types of Infectious Agents Examples
- Cholera
- Influenza
- Vaginal Yeast Infection
- Malaria
- Schostosomiasis
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Helminths
