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Mocks Flashcards

1
Q

Carbohydrates

A 
60 % of diet.
Macronutrient
Helps with endurance
Simple- broken down quickly and used as energy.
Complex- stored as starch
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2
Q

Fats

A

20% of diet
Macronutrient
Slows down absorption of carbohydrates and prolongs energy store.

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3
Q

Protein

A

20% of diet
Macronutrient
Helps regrow and repair muscles

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4
Q

What does dehydration cause?

A
  • Blood thickening which slows blood flow around the body.
  • Increased/irregular heart rate.
  • Increased body temp.
  • Slower reaction time.
  • Increase muscle cramps/fatigue
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5
Q

Voluntary muscle

A

Muscles with conscious control

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6
Q

Involuntary muscles

A

Muscles with no conscious control

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7
Q

Tachycardia

A

Heart rate too quick over 100bpm

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8
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate too slow under 60bpm

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9
Q

Aerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose + Oxygen - Carbon dioxide + water

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10
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose - Lactic acid + energy

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11
Q

EPOC

A

During exercise breathing frequency and depth increases and during oxygen debt Lactic acid and other waste products are removed as oxygen supply is replenished.

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12
Q

Warm up

A
  • Increase Cardiac and respiratory rates.
  • Stretching / mobility
  • Skill familiarisation
  • Mental preparation

A warm increased muscle temperature and reduces muscle viscosity as well as increasing range of movement at joints

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13
Q

Cool down

A

Gradually reduces cardiac and respiratory rates and Stretching for flexibility training

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14
Q

Stretching

A

Helps remove waste products like Lactic acid

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15
Q

Rehydration

A

Speed up glycogen replacement

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16
Q

Ice baths

A

Cold water causes blood vessels to vasoconstrict and drain blood out of legs as well as waste products that has built up from activity

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17
Q

Vo2 Max

A

Maximum rate of the body processing oxygen effectively. Test Cardiovascular endurance

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18
Q

1st class lever example

A

Neck joint for high jump or heading a football

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19
Q

2nd class lever example

A

Ankle joint for jumping or running

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20
Q

Alveoli adaptions for gaseous exchange

A
  • Large blood supply to carry gases.
  • One cell thick for short difussion distance
  • Lots of capillaries meaning a large area for gaseous exchange to occur.
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21
Q

Diastole

A

Heart filling with blood and relaxing

22
Q

Systole

A

Heart emptying and contracting

23
Q

Cardiac output equation

A

Cardiac output = Stroke volume x Heart rate

24
Q

Cardiac output definition

A

The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute.

25
Stroke volume definition
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during systole
26
Immediate effects of exercise
- Thermoregualtion - Increase heart rate - Increase stroke volume - Increase cardiac volume - Increase in breathing depth and frequency
27
Max Heart rate
220 - age
28
Factors that prevent injury
- Warm up and cool down - Rest - Avoid overtraining - Taping and bracing - Hydration
29
Vasodilation during exercise
Vasodilation is the enlargement of blood vessels and is part of vascular shunt which allows more blood through. Exercise requires more blood to working muscles and vasodilation allows more blood to travel through arteries to muscles which require a greater supply of oxygen during exercise. Vasodilation works with vasoconstriction as it limits blood to areas that don't need much blood. To sustain performance its key and reduces waste products. Higher intensity = higher oxygen
30
How to avoid injury in a weights session
- Spotter - Warm up - Cool down - Make the correct clothing is being worn. - Correct form
31
Periodisation for a 1500m runner
- Pre season, peak season and post season. - 1500m different intensities so need to plan. - in the compretitive season training based on race schedule - Need to recover well e.g ice baths - Fitness tests in pre season eg 1RM - Change of diet between seasons
32
Effectiveness of Altitude Training for runners
- Altitude Training for endurance athletes and over 2km above sea level - Lack of O2 so body compensate by producing more red blood cells. - Marahton runner is an aerobic events - More red blood cells can carry more oxygen to muscles. - Will allow runner to run a high intensity for longer. - Gives them an advantage over competitors - But hypoxia and Initial fitness lost and its temporary. - Other methods like tents less expensive
33
Rotation
When the joint moves in a circular motion
34
Biscupid valves
Separates left ventricle with pulmonary vein
35
Tricuspid valves
Separates the right ventricles and pulmonary artery
36
Skill
A learned behaviour stored in long term memory that can be used in a variety of ways
37
Ability
A stable inherited trait that determines an individuals potential to learn or acquire a skill
38
Ways to control arousal
- Deep breathing - Mental rehearsal - Self talk
39
Aggression
Direct- towards a person | Indirect - towards an object
40
Rewards
Intangible- praise recognition Tangible - physical rewards like money or a medal
41
Arousal
An energised state of readiness before performing a task
42
Synovial fluid
Lubricates joint allows more range of movement
43
Cartilage
Stops end of joints rubbing together
44
Personality
Introvert - quiet shy Low arousal sports Extrovert - socially outgoing high arousal sports
45
Mechanical advantage equation
Effort arm/ resistance arm
46
Mechanic guidance
Involves equipment like harnesses
47
Manual guidance
Coaches use hands on methods to ensure safety
48
Types of sponsorship
Facilities, clothing and equipment and financial
49
Types of media
TV and radio, Social Media, Internet and Newspapers
50
Sportsmanship /etiquette
Unwritten rules a code of conduct behaviour that a player stands by when competing.
51
Gamesmanship
Bending the rules to get an advantage
52
Commercialisation definition
The media sponsors and elite sport work together to benefit financially and gain more interest and viewers

PE (9 decks)

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