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1017 Biosciences > Mock Exam > Flashcards

Mock Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Complete the following sentence: Solutions of equal solute concentration are called…

A

isotonic.

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2
Q

Which of the following intracellular structures is part of the cytoskeleton of a human cell?

A

Microtubules

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3
Q

Explain all the anatomical terms.

Superior

Proximal

Distal

Medial

Posterior

Inferior

Latera

A

Superior = Above (Chest)

Proximal = Above (Knee)

Distal = Below (Knee)

Medial = Coming from the right side to the middle

Posterior = Behind

Anterior = In front of

Inferior = Below (Chest)

Latera = Coming away from the middle to the left side

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4
Q

Complete the following sentence: A eukaryotic cell is a cell…

A

with a nucleus

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5
Q

Which organelle determines a bacterial Gram stain?

A

Cell wall

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6
Q

What term describes the relationship of one organism living in close association with another, such that one organism benefits without harming the other?

A

Commensal

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7
Q

Complete the following sentence: The chemical digestion of proteins starts in the…

A

stomach

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8
Q

What organ produces bile?

A

Liver

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9
Q

Complete the following sentence: Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of…

A

starch

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10
Q

Which of the following enzymes digests dietary fat?

A

Lipase

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11
Q

Which organ of the digestive system produces hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

A

Stomach

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12
Q

What structure allows pressure in the middle ear to be equalised with atmospheric pressure?

A

Eustachian (auditory) tube

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13
Q

Complete the following sentence: Malleus, incus and stapes are small bones in the…

A

middle ear

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14
Q

Complete the following sentence: The rods and cones are located in the…

A

retina

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15
Q

Complete the following sentence: The spaces anterior to the lens are filled with…

A

aqueous humor

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16
Q

Complete the following sentence: Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as…

A

bicarbonate ions

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17
Q

Complete the following sentence: Gas exchange in the lungs occurs across the respiratory membrane by the process of…

A

diffusion

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18
Q

What term best describes a reduced level of oxygen in the tissues?

A

Hypoxia

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19
Q

What structure in the respiratory system is commonly called the Adam’s apple?

A

Thyroid cartilage

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20
Q

What receptor would detect a change in pH?

A

Chemoreceptors

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21
Q

What term describes a reduction on the pH of blood to 7.2?

A

Acidosis

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22
Q

What area of the brain sets the basic rhythm of breathing?

A

Medulla oblongata

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23
Q

What occurs during inhalation at rest?

A

Contraction of the diaphragm

24
Q

What artery is in the arm?

25
What artery conveys blood to the brain?
Carotid
26
What term best describes a blue colouration of the skin and mucous membranes?
Cyanosis
27
Complete the following sentence: The serous membrane covering the inner surface of the heart is the...
endocardium
28
Complete the following sentence: Erythrocytes are formed from stem cells in the …
bone marrow
29
What does an ECG measure?
Electrical activity within the heart
30
What term best describes a rapid pulse?
Tachycardia
31
What has the most effect on peripheral resistance?
Blood vessel diameter
32
What bone forms part of the axial skeleton?
Sacrum
33
Complete the following sentence: The shaft of a long bone is called the...
diaphysis
34
Which bone protects the brain?
Cranium
35
What molecule is a pigmented protein in skeletal muscle fibres that stores oxygen?
Myoglobin
36
Complete the following sentence: The hip (coxal) joint is a ball and socket joint between the bones of the pelvis and the...
femur
37
Complete the following sentence: A drug prescribed to manage pain is called an ...
analgesic
38
Complete the following sentence: Most drug elimination occurs via the...
urine
39
A doctor in the Emergency Department prescribes erythromycin (antibiotic medication) for a severe infection. Which of the following would be the best route of administration for a rapid response?
Intravenous
40
Complete the following sentence: Absorption of an oral drug usually refers to the...
movement of the drug from the gut to the blood
41
Complete the following sentence: Liver cells are referred to as...
hepatocytes
42
What term best describes the study of drug administration, distribution, metabolism and elimination?
Pharmacokinetics
43
Complete the following sentence: Applying cream to an area of itchy skin is an example of…
topical administration
44
Complete the following sentence: The outermost layer of the skin is called the…
epidermis
45
Complete the following sentence: The waterproofing protein in the epidermis is...
keratin
46
Complete the following sentence: The sebaceous glands in the skin produce...
oil
47
Complete the following sentence: Skin colour differences among individuals are mainly the result of...
different levels of melanin
48
Which medical speciality deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders?
Dermatology
49
The ovaries secrete which of the following hormones?
Oestrogen
50
Which of the following endocrine glands produces insulin?
Pancreas
51
Complete the following sentence: Antidiuretic hormone is secreted from the…
posterior pituitary gland
52
Complete the following sentence: Calcium homeostasis is controlled by...
parathyroid hormone
53
What hormone helps conserve water during dehydration?
Aldosterone
54
Complete the following sentence: The main target for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is the...
kidney
55
Complete the following sentence: Lipid-soluble hormones are…
able to cross the cell membrane and interact with intracellular receptors to evoke changes in gene expression

1017 Biosciences (24 decks)

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