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1017 Biosciences > Mock Exam > Flashcards

Mock Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Complete the following sentence: Solutions of equal solute concentration are called…

A

isotonic.

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2
Q

Which of the following intracellular structures is part of the cytoskeleton of a human cell?

A

Microtubules

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3
Q

Explain all the anatomical terms.

Superior

Proximal

Distal

Medial

Posterior

Inferior

Latera

A

Superior = Above (Chest)

Proximal = Above (Knee)

Distal = Below (Knee)

Medial = Coming from the right side to the middle

Posterior = Behind

Anterior = In front of

Inferior = Below (Chest)

Latera = Coming away from the middle to the left side

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4
Q

Complete the following sentence: A eukaryotic cell is a cell…

A

with a nucleus

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5
Q

Which organelle determines a bacterial Gram stain?

A

Cell wall

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6
Q

What term describes the relationship of one organism living in close association with another, such that one organism benefits without harming the other?

A

Commensal

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7
Q

Complete the following sentence: The chemical digestion of proteins starts in the…

A

stomach

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8
Q

What organ produces bile?

A

Liver

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9
Q

Complete the following sentence: Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of…

A

starch

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10
Q

Which of the following enzymes digests dietary fat?

A

Lipase

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11
Q

Which organ of the digestive system produces hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

A

Stomach

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12
Q

What structure allows pressure in the middle ear to be equalised with atmospheric pressure?

A

Eustachian (auditory) tube

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13
Q

Complete the following sentence: Malleus, incus and stapes are small bones in the…

A

middle ear

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14
Q

Complete the following sentence: The rods and cones are located in the…

A

retina

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15
Q

Complete the following sentence: The spaces anterior to the lens are filled with…

A

aqueous humor

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16
Q

Complete the following sentence: Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as…

A

bicarbonate ions

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17
Q

Complete the following sentence: Gas exchange in the lungs occurs across the respiratory membrane by the process of…

A

diffusion

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18
Q

What term best describes a reduced level of oxygen in the tissues?

A

Hypoxia

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19
Q

What structure in the respiratory system is commonly called the Adam’s apple?

A

Thyroid cartilage

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20
Q

What receptor would detect a change in pH?

A

Chemoreceptors

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21
Q

What term describes a reduction on the pH of blood to 7.2?

A

Acidosis

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22
Q

What area of the brain sets the basic rhythm of breathing?

A

Medulla oblongata

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23
Q

What occurs during inhalation at rest?

A

Contraction of the diaphragm

24
Q

What artery is in the arm?

A

Brachial

25
Q

What artery conveys blood to the brain?

A

Carotid

26
Q

What term best describes a blue colouration of the skin and mucous membranes?

A

Cyanosis

27
Q

Complete the following sentence: The serous membrane covering the inner surface of the heart is the…

A

endocardium

28
Q

Complete the following sentence: Erythrocytes are formed from stem cells in the …

A

bone marrow

29
Q

What does an ECG measure?

A

Electrical activity within the heart

30
Q

What term best describes a rapid pulse?

A

Tachycardia

31
Q

What has the most effect on peripheral resistance?

A

Blood vessel diameter

32
Q

What bone forms part of the axial skeleton?

A

Sacrum

33
Q

Complete the following sentence: The shaft of a long bone is called the…

A

diaphysis

34
Q

Which bone protects the brain?

A

Cranium

35
Q

What molecule is a pigmented protein in skeletal muscle fibres that stores oxygen?

A

Myoglobin

36
Q

Complete the following sentence: The hip (coxal) joint is a ball and socket joint between the bones of the pelvis and the…

A

femur

37
Q

Complete the following sentence: A drug prescribed to manage pain is called an …

A

analgesic

38
Q

Complete the following sentence: Most drug elimination occurs via the…

A

urine

39
Q

A doctor in the Emergency Department prescribes erythromycin (antibiotic medication) for a severe infection. Which of the following would be the best route of administration for a rapid response?

A

Intravenous

40
Q

Complete the following sentence: Absorption of an oral drug usually refers to the…

A

movement of the drug from the gut to the blood

41
Q

Complete the following sentence: Liver cells are referred to as…

A

hepatocytes

42
Q

What term best describes the study of drug administration, distribution, metabolism and elimination?

A

Pharmacokinetics

43
Q

Complete the following sentence: Applying cream to an area of itchy skin is an example of…

A

topical administration

44
Q

Complete the following sentence: The outermost layer of the skin is called the…

A

epidermis

45
Q

Complete the following sentence: The waterproofing protein in the epidermis is…

A

keratin

46
Q

Complete the following sentence: The sebaceous glands in the skin produce…

A

oil

47
Q

Complete the following sentence: Skin colour differences among individuals are mainly the result of…

A

different levels of melanin

48
Q

Which medical speciality deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders?

A

Dermatology

49
Q

The ovaries secrete which of the following hormones?

A

Oestrogen

50
Q

Which of the following endocrine glands produces insulin?

A

Pancreas

51
Q

Complete the following sentence: Antidiuretic hormone is secreted from the…

A

posterior pituitary gland

52
Q

Complete the following sentence: Calcium homeostasis is controlled by…

A

parathyroid hormone

53
Q

What hormone helps conserve water during dehydration?

A

Aldosterone

54
Q

Complete the following sentence: The main target for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is the…

A

kidney

55
Q

Complete the following sentence: Lipid-soluble hormones are…

A

able to cross the cell membrane and interact with intracellular receptors to evoke changes in gene expression

1017 Biosciences (24 decks)

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