Mobility Terminology Flashcards
The process whereby a patient puts a joint through its full extent of movement
Active range of motion
Movement away from the midline of the body
Abduction
Movement toward the midline of the body
Adduction
An object or piece of equipment designed to help a patient with activities of daily living, such as a cane, eyeglasses, or a hearing aid
Assistive device
Decrease in size, wasting away, or progressive decline of a body part or tissue
Atrophy
The space between the feet that bears the weight of the body
Base of support
The coordinated efforts of muscles, bones, and the nervous system to maintain balance, posture, and alignment during movement, especially bending, lifting, and walking
Body mechanics
The point at which a body’s entire weight is concentrated so that, if supported at this point, the body would remain in equilibrium in any position
Center of gravity
Circular movement of a limb or of the eye
Circumduction
A deformity that results from abnormal shortening of muscle tissue, making the muscle highly resistant to stretching
Contracture
farthest from the origin of a part
Distal
Directed toward or situated on the back surface
Dorsal
Upward bending of the toes and the foot
Dorsiflexion
Turning of a body part away from the body’s midline
Eversion
Method of walking with crutches that involves alternating bearing weight on one or both legs and on the crutches
Crutch gait
Outward rotation of a joint
External rotation
Movement that decreases the angle between two adjoining bones; bending of the limb
Flexion
The force that resists relative motion between two objects in contact
Friction
The pattern of how a person walks
Gait
Increase in the volume of a tissue or organ produced entirely by enlargement of existing cells
Hypertrophy
Movement of a body part beyond its usual resting and extended position
Hyperextension
Inward rotation of a joint
Internal rotation
Turning of a body part towards the body’s midline
Inversion
The act of bending to one side
Lateral flexion
A procedure for turning a patient as one stable unit, with hands crossed on the chest, and a smooth continuous motion
Logrolling
Being able to support some percentage of the body’s weight, such as 30% to 50%
Partial weight-bearing
The process of putting a joint through its full extent of movement by someone other than the patient
Passive range of motion
Bending the toes and the foot downward
Plantarflexion
Movement of a body part so that it’s front or ventral surface faces downward
Pronation
Lying on the abdomen with the legs extended and the head turned to the side
Prone
Nearest to the origin of a part
Proximal
Movement of a body part so that it’s front or ventral surface faces upwards
Supination
Being able to support some percentage of the body’s weight, as in full weight-bearing, example: able to support 100% of the body’s weight
Weight bearing
