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Med Micro Exam 1 > mm pp 4 > Flashcards

mm pp 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Innate Response to Bacteria

A

Inflammation, Complement, Phagocytosis with neutrophils + Dendritic Cells + Macrophages

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2
Q

Adaptive Immune Response to Bacteria

A

B and T Cell activation, Ab Production (IgM, IgG, IgA)

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3
Q

Bacterial Compounds that Provoke the Immune Response

A

LPS (Endotoxin), Lipotechoic Acid, Glycolipids and Glycopeptides, Polyanions, Peptidoglycan Fragments

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4
Q

LPS

A

Endotoxin. Secretes IL-1, IL-6, TNF-Alpha, and chemokins.Cause Fever which increase DCs, Macrophages, and B-Cells.

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5
Q

Help Evade Immune Response

A

Capsules can prevent Phagocytosis, Virulence Factors can help evade IR, Toxins/Superantigens-Cytokine storm

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6
Q

IR to Virus

A

IFN Alpha and Beta; NK Cells-Cytotoxic for infected Cells; CD1:TH4 Cells-Inflammation, activate CD8, NK, and Macrophages; CD8’s- Cytotoxic; Antibodies- Neutralizing; Macrophages-Phagocytosis and APC

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7
Q

Many symptoms of viral infections are due to _________ to the virus

A

Effects of Immune Response

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8
Q

Immune Response to Fungi

A

PMNs, Macrophages, Antimicrobial Peptides, Ab and CD4s, TH1 and TH17

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9
Q

Immune Response to Parasites

A

IgE, Eosinophils, Mast Cells, Macrophages, PMN’s and CD4’s

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10
Q

How viruses evade IR

A

Change or hide Ags, Ag Variation, Virokine-Interfere with IFN and other cytokines, reduce expression of MHC 1

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11
Q

How Fungi evade IR

A

Very similar to host and as such are hard to recognize.

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12
Q

How parasites evade IR

A

Alter Ag’s, intracellular, Cysts, inhibit Phagocytosis

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13
Q

Hypersensitivities

A

Immediate (IgE) and Delayed(Cell Mediated)

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14
Q

Immunodeficiencies

A

Genetic and Aquired

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15
Q

Herd Immunity

A

Large Group Resistant=All resistant so it cant spread

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16
Q

Natural Active

A

Recover from disease

17
Q

Natural Passiv

A

Maternal Abs to Fetus

18
Q

Artificial Active

A

Vaccination

19
Q

Artificial Passive

A

Gamma-Globulin Shot

20
Q

Adoptive

A

Transplant of Immuno-cells

21
Q

Successes of Vaccines

A

Smallpox

22
Q

Difficult Vaccines to make

A

HIV, HSV, Malaria, Colds, S. Mutans

23
Q

Attenuated viruses can revert to _____________

A

Virulent

24
Q

Hypersensitivities to viruses include_____________

A

Chicken eggs being used in Influenza Vaccines

25
Q

Vaccine Type: Non-virulent strain

A

Introduce Non-virulent strain so that your body recognizes and adapts to the virulent strain

26
Q

Vaccine Type: Killed or Inactivated

A

produce inactivated vaccines by killing the disease-causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation. Take large amount of the virus and inactivate with something like Formaldehyde so that it kills it but leaves epitopes to be recognized.

27
Q

Vaccine Type: Attenuated

A

reducing the virulence of a pathogen, but still keeping it viable

28
Q

Vaccine Type: Purified Ag

A

subunit vaccines include only the antigens that best stimulate the immune system

29
Q

Vaccine Type: Genetically Manipulated

A

Recombinant vector vaccines are experimental vaccines similar to DNA vaccines, but they use an attenuated virus or bacterium to introduce microbial DNA to cells of the body

30
Q

Vaccine Type: Toxoid

A

they can inactivate toxins by treating them with formalin, a solution of formaldehyde and sterilized water

31
Q

Vaccine Type: DNA Vaccine

A

Idea to incorporate DNA into human system to form a tolerance to the virus and allow immune system to deal with it. Experimental.

32
Q

Vaccine Type: Monoclonal

A

Passive immunization involves the production of antibodies in one animal by active immunization. These antibodies can be stored (as immune globulins) and then administered to susceptible animals to confer immediate but short-lived protection

Med Micro Exam 1 (4 decks)

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