MKSAP HemeOnc VIII Flashcards
TLS causes:
hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, hypocalcemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation
How do you ppx against TLS prior to treatment?
Fluids and allopurinol or rasburicase if there is renal dysfunction
TLS occurs in which cancers?
leukemia and Burkitt lymphoma and after treatment of bulky large B-cell lymphoma or advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
_____ is recommended to decrease breast cancer recurrence in women with high-risk, early-stage, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer who remain premenopausal after chemotherapy.
Ovarian suppression (leuprolide) along with antiestrogen therapy (aromatase inhibitor)
Aromatase inhibitor alone is ineffective in premenopausal women unless concomitant ovarian suppresion is given
In a patient with a residual mass after treatment of bulky diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, observation with ____ is appropriate if diagnostic testing shows a low likelihood of active disease (no activity on PET scan). Often times this could represent residual scar tissue.
serial CT scanning
Intravenous and intraperitoneal ____ is a treatment option for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
cisplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy
What is Olaparib?
PARP inhibitor used as monotherapy for relapsed ovarian cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutations
Do you treat asymptomatic well-differentiated, low-grade, metastatic, GI neuroendocrine tumor?
No, just follow-up CT scan 3 (-6) months
____ are indicated for premenopausal patients with node-negative, hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer with low-risk recurrence scores.
Primary breast radiation and tamoxifen
PET scan is not indicated in the staging of clinical stage ______.
I, II, or operable stage III breast cancer.
Bone scan is only indicated for patients with localized bone pain or elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. CT is only indicated if there are symptoms.
Initial therapy for hairy cell leukemia (CD20, CD11c, CD25, and CD103) is a purine nucleoside analogue, either ____ or ___.
cladribine or pentostatin
Transformation of follicular lymphoma to an _____ may be suggested by a change in the clinical pattern of disease, such as the development of new systemic symptoms or rapid progression of a localized area of disease.
aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurs in approximately 30% of patients with follicular lymphoma.
Squamous cell carcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma presenting as isolated inguinal lymphadenopathy should prompt a careful examination of the vulva, vagina, and cervix in women, penis in men, and perineal skin and ____ in both men and women.
anus; Most patients with carcinoma, especially squamous cell carcinoma, involving inguinal lymph nodes have a primary site in the genital or anorectal area.
Patients with stage II colon cancer without high-risk features are unlikely to benefit from ___.
adjuvant treatment. Surgical resection ONLY needed
Exceptions are patients with stage II colon cancer with characteristics associated with a high risk for recurrence (T4 primary tumor [invasion into adjacent structures or through the peritoneum], lymphovascular invasion, inadequate lymph node sampling [fewer than 12 lymph nodes examined], poorly differentiated histology, elevated postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), or clinical perforation or obstruction).
Anal cancer is often curable with combined chemotherapy and radiation, avoiding ____.
surgery.
because definitive surgery must remove the anal sphincter, a placement of a permanent colostomy would be required. Surgery for anal cancer is reserved as a salvage treatment for either local recurrence or incomplete response to chemotherapy plus radiation therapy,
