Mixtures and Separating+ Solubility Of Solutions Flashcards
revise
What are insoluble substances?
Can only be separated from water by filtration.
-Doesn’t dissolve
-e.g sand
What are soluble substances?
-Does dissolve
e.g- salt
How to separate mixture of sand and salt?
-Add water
-salt dissolves as soluble
-filtered insoluble sand so salt water left
-evaporated salt
-leaving H20
What is distillation?
The method of separating 2 or more liquids with different boiling points.
What is evaporation?
A method of separating 2 or more liquids that are soluble.
What changes of state occur in distillation?
-liquid-gas in the rounded bottom flask(evaporation)
-gas-liquid in the condenser (condensation)
How can you separate colours in ink with chromatography?
Different pigments have different masses. The heavier the pigment the less far the colour can travel. The lighter the pigment the further it can travel.
What is the change of state for melting?
Solid to liquid
ice to water
What is the change of state for boiling?
Liquid to gas
water to steam
What is the change of state for condensing?
Gas to liquid
steam to water
What is the change of state for freezing?
Liquid to solid
water to ice
What are examples of substances that can be separated using filtration?
e.g- sand and salt mixture
water and activated charcoal
What is the name for a substance that dissolves?
solute
What is a solvent?
the liquid that dissolves the solute.
What is a saturated solution?
A saturated solution is one which can dissolve no more solute into
the solvent.
How can water be separated by ink with distillation?
Water evaporates leaving the ink particles behind.
How could you separate iron fillings from a mixture of iron and sulphur?
-sulphur is insoluble
-by using a magnet
For distillation, in what part would you expect to find the most of the dye at the end of the experiment?
The round bottomed flask.
Where are alkali metals?
First row
Where are transition metals?
MIDDLE
Where are noble gases?
LASt row
Where are halogens?
Second last row
6-53
What is a bi-metallic strip and why does it bend when heated?
-A strip made up of 2 different metals
-Onex expands more than the other
What is a solute, solvent and solution?
-solute= solid thingy
-solvent= thing it dissolves in
-solution= the thing it makes
