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Chemistry > Acids and Alkalis > Flashcards

Acids and Alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 things that define a solution?

A

-acidic
-alkaline
-neutral

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2
Q

What colour to acids turn after being mixed with universal indicator?

A

-warm colours
-red ph1
-orange ph2+3
-yellow ph4
-pale green ph5+6

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3
Q

What colour to alkalis turn after being mixed with universal indicator?

A

-cold colours
-turquoise ph9
-light blue ph10
-dark blue ph11+ph12
-dark purple+blue ph13+ph14

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4
Q

What colour to neutral solutions turn after being mixed with universal indicator?

A

-GREEN ph7

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5
Q

True or False, alkaline solutions are more salty than acidic solutions.

A

True.
Alkaline solutions are really salty.

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6
Q

What is a substance that is a pH scale of 7?

A

pure water

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7
Q

What is a substance that is a pH scale of 10?

A

great salt lake
milk of magnesia

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8
Q

What does exothermic mean?

A

That heat has been given out by the reaction. This is shown by there being an increase in temperature of the products.

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9
Q

What is the opposite of exothermic?

A

endothermic

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10
Q

How does a wasp sting be reduced by adding vinegar?

A

The acidity of the vinegar can help neutralize the basicity of wasp stings.

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11
Q

Why are lakes in the world have lime added to them?

A

The lime is put there to neutralize acid waters and soils.

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12
Q

Why is toothpaste slightly alkaline?

A

To neutralize the acidic effect of food on our teeth we brush our teeth with toothpaste.

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13
Q

How can you take tablets to reduce effects of heart burn?

A

The tablets are antacids and they work by neutralizing the stomach acid that causes heartburn.

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14
Q

What does excess mean?

A

Excess means to add too much. This is done to ensure that all of the acid has reacted.

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14
Q

How does hydrogen react?

A

It burns with a squeaky pop

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14
Q

How does oxygen react?

A

It relights a glowing splint

14
Q

How does carbon dioxide react?

A

It turns limewater cloudy

15
Q

What gas is produced when calcium carbonate reacts with acid?

A

carbon dioxide

16
Q

How do you make red cabbage indicator?

A

Chop up cabbage and leave in a beaker of boiling water. The colour turns purple with the pigment leaching out of the cabbage.

17
Q

What colour does the indicator universal indicator turn to?

A

when mixed with-
-acid- red
-neutral- green
-alkaline- dark purple/blue

18
Q

How do you use universal indicator to measure pH values?

A

Add equal drops of universal indicator to your substances. Compare it to the ph chart and match the colour of the value.

19
Q

What happens when a substance is diluted with water?

A

If a substance is diluted with water, then its acidity/alkaline goes down a bit (increases/decreases)

20
Q

How does the pH chart work?

A

1= increasingly acidic
7= neutral
14= increasingly alkaline

21
Q

How do you know when a solution is neutral?

A

When the universal indicator turns green.

22
Q

What are 2 substances that can be removed by filtration?

A

Saltwater+ activated charcoal

23
Q

What 2 substances can be seperated by evaporation?

A

Salt + water

24
Q

What is the word equation for seperating salt from water with evaporation?

A

Hydrochloric Acid+ Sodium Hydroxide—– sodium chloride+water

25
Q

How to rank acid solutions in order of acidity?

A

Add small amounts of alkali to solutions, the more alkali required the stronger the acid was.

26
Q

Evidence that a chemical reaction is happening?

A

-Fizzing (temperature change) gas is being given off
-Colour change
-liquid goes cloudy

27
Q

How can you neutralize something?

A

Add more acid to alkali
Add more alkali to acid
UNTIL GREEN AND NEUTRAL

28
Q

What are indicators?

A

Tell the difference between acidic, alkaline and neutral solutions.
e.g- universal indicators

29
Q

How are you able to determine the rank of 3 acidic solutions in order of acidity?

A

Each solution had alkaline added to it, the more alkali needed, the stronger the acid was.

30
Q

What is the function of the condenser in a distillation experiment?

A

To condense the vapours back into a liquid.

Chemistry (5 decks)

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