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Navy Diver > MIXED gas > Flashcards

MIXED gas Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal operational limit for surface supplied mixed gas diving?

A

300 fsw for 30 min.

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2
Q

What is the maximum working limit for surface supplied mixed gas diving?

A

380 fsw

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3
Q

When can you do exceptional exposure dives in mixed gas diving?

A
  • CO’s discretion in an emergency

- Planned exceptional exposure dives require CNO approval

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4
Q

Is repetitive diving allowed in surface supplied helium-oxygen diving?

A
  • No

- Yes, if the dive was aborted at 100fsw and shallower

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5
Q

How along after making a mixed gas decompression / no decompression dive, how long must a diver wait to make another dive?

A

No decompression: 12 hrs.

Decompression dive: 18 hrs.

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6
Q

How long of a break should a diver take after 4 consecutive days of mixed gas diving to avoid Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity?

A

1 day break

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7
Q

How long must a diver wait to make an ascent to altitude following a mixed gas decompression/ no decompression dive?

A

Decompression: 24 hours

No decompression: 12 hours

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8
Q

What is the minimum personnel requirement on a mixed gas diving side?

A

1 Diver: 12 personnel

2 Divers: 14 Personnel

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9
Q

What positions on a surface supplied mixed gas dive side must be held by formally trained mixed gas divers?

A
  • Diving officer
  • Master diver
  • Surface supplied Divers
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10
Q

What positions on a surface supplied mixed gas dive side shall be manned by formally trained surface supplied divers?

A
  • Diver
  • Standby diver
  • Rack operator
  • Console operator
  • Time keeper / recorder
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11
Q

When can the Master Diver fill the position of the Diving Officer?

A

-If designated in writing by the Commanding Officer; however, he may not serve in more than one position.

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12
Q

Is a Diving Officer required on station for all mixed gas dives?

A

-No; when conducting no-decompression dives for training a Diving Officer is not required

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13
Q

What should be set-up when diving mixed gas in water below 40 degrees Fahrenheit as life support consideration?

A

Two water heaters to supply a common manifold that allows shifting between a primary and a backup water heater (salvage air manifold works well).

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14
Q

When should a diver who has been exposed to adverse environmental conditions be considered for mixed gas diving?

A

Not until normal core temperature has returned

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15
Q

What does fatigue predispose a diver to?

A
  • Decompression Sickness

- Not being mentally alert

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16
Q

The Diving Supervisor must ensure that all mixed gas divers have slept how many hours within the last 24 hours before diving?

A

-8 Hours

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17
Q

What are the 4 gas mixtures used in mixed gas diving, and at what depths?

A
  • Bottom Mix: 90% helium 10% oxygen or 60% helium 40% oxygen
  • 50/50 (Helium /Oxygen mix): Used from 90 to 40fsw during decompression. Oxygen concentration ranges from 49% to 51%
  • 100% Oxygen: Used at 30/20fsw for in water decompression. 50/40/30fsw for Sur “d” O2
  • Air: Used in emergencies and to give air breaks
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18
Q

The FADS III Mixed Gas System (FMGS) is a portable, self-contained, surface supplied diver life support system designed to support mixed gas dive missions to what depth?

A

300fsw

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19
Q

The FMGS consists of what five gas rack assemblies?

A
  • (1) Air Supply Rack Assembly (ASRA)
  • (1) Oxygen Supply Rack Assembly (OSRA)
  • (3) Helium-Oxygen Supply Rack Assemblies (HOSRA)
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20
Q

The FMGS consists of what other components in addition to the gas rack assemblies?

A
  • 5000 psi air compressor assembly
  • Mixed Gas Control Console Assembly (MGCCA)
  • (2) Gas Boosters
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21
Q

Set-up and operating procedures for the FMGS are found in what publication?

A

-Operating and Maintenance Technical Manual for Fly Away Dive System (FADS) III Mixed Gas System: S9592-B2-OMI-010.

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22
Q

How must Helium-Oxygen mixtures be analyzed for oxygen content?

A

-Instrument having an accuracy of +/- 0.5 percent

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23
Q

What will be the EGS gas mixture during mixed gas diving operations?

A

-Same as the bottom mixture unless the bottom mixture contains less than 16 percent

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24
Q

If the bottom mixture has less than 16% oxygen, what is the allowable range of the EGS oxygen content?

A

-15 to 17 percent

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25
Q

What is the maximum PPO2 allowed in mixed gas diving operations?

A

1.3 ata PPO2

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26
Q

What is the minimum allowable oxygen content in a mixture for dives up to 200 fsw and in excess of 200 fsw?

A
  • 14% : 200FT. and shallower

- 10% : Excess of 200FT.

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27
Q

During a mixed gas decompression dive what breathing gas will the diver breathe at certain depths?

A
  • Bottom mix: 91ft and deeper
  • 50/50: 90ft to 40 ft
  • 100% oxygen: 30ft and shallower
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28
Q

Why is diving with a mixture near maximum oxygen percentage encouraged?

A

It offers a decompression advantage to the diver

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29
Q

During a mixed gas decompression dive what gas will a diver surface on if a Sur “D” O2 is elected?

A

-50/50

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30
Q

At what depth in the water column does a diver start breathing a gas mixture with less than 16% oxygen content?

A

-20 FSW

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31
Q

How long do you ventilate divers at 20 fsw when switching to mixed gas?

A
  • 20 seconds
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32
Q

If diving a gas mixture with less than 16% oxygen content, how long does a diver have to descent to 20 fsw and shift to bottom mix and perform equipment checks?

A
  • 5 minutes
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33
Q

When does the bottom time start when a diver is breathing a gas with less than 16% oxygen content?

A
  • When diver has been at 20 fsw for 5 minutes or more

- When diver leaves 20 fsw

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34
Q

What is required if a diver is at 20ft on bottom mix and a problem that requires you to surface the divers occur?

A
  • Shift the diver back to air

- When diver re-enters the water, bottom time starts over along with the 5 minute grace period.

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35
Q

What actions are required when aborting a mixed gas dive shallower than 100 fsw with less than/greater than 16% oxygen content?

A
  • Less than: ascend to 20 fsw, shift diver to air, complete ascent to the surface
  • Greater than: ascend directly to the surface at 30 fsw/min
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36
Q

What is required if another dive is desired following a dive aborted 100 fsw and shallower?

A
  • Add bottom time of all dives to the bottom time of the new dive
  • Use the deepest depth when calculating the table and schedule for the new dive
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37
Q

What actions are required when aborting a mixed gas deeper than 100 fsw?

A
  • Follow normal decompression schedule to the surface
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38
Q

Is a repetitive dive allowed if aborting a dive deeper than 100 fsw?

A
  • No
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39
Q

What dives require a shift to 50/50 at 90 fsw?

A
  • Mixed gas decompression dives only
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40
Q

If conducting a mixed gas decompression dive, when will you shift the divers to 50/50 if there is no 90 fsw decompression stop?

A
  • You will shift to 50/50 at 90 fsw

- The next shallower stop you will vent the divers

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41
Q

On mixed gas decompression dives when shifting to 50/50, is the shift time included in the stop time?

A
  • Yes
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42
Q

When is it required to shift the divers to 100% oxygen at the 30 fsw stop?

A
  • All in water decompression dives
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43
Q

When shifting to 100% oxygen at 30 fsw, what is an indication that the diver is on oxygen instead of bottom mix?

A
  • Voice change
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44
Q

Does an air break count toward a diver’s decompression time?

A
  • No
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45
Q

Do you have to ventilate the divers with oxygen following a 5 minute air break?

A
  • No
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46
Q

When is a 5 minute air break not required when breathing 100% oxygen?

A
  • If the total oxygen time is :35 or less

- If the final oxygen period is :35 or less

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47
Q

Is the use of an inside tender required when conducting Sur D O2 diving operations?

A
  • It is at the discretion of the diving supervisor
48
Q

Where are O2 periods 5, 6 and 7 spent in the chamber?

A
  • 30 fsw
49
Q

What actions are taken if a diver arrives early at his first decompression stop and it requires a gas shift?

A
  • Initiate the gas shift and ventilation upon arrival at the stop.
  • Begin the stop time only when the required travel time has been completed.
50
Q

What are the required actions if you have a delay greater than a minute on ascent to the first decompression stop?

A
  • Add delay to BT; Recomputed table and schedule
  • If a new schedule is required pick it up at current or subsequent stop
  • Fulfill any deeper decompression requirements at the diver’s current depth.
51
Q

What are the required actions when you have a delay greater than a minute deeper than 90 fsw on mixed gas?

A
  • Add delay to BT; Recomputed table and schedule
  • If a new schedule is required pick it up at current or subsequent stop
  • Ignore any deeper decompression
52
Q

What are the required actions when you have a delay greater than a minute shallower than 90 fsw on mixed gas?

A
  • No special action required
  • Resume normal decompression at the completion of the delay
  • If delay occurred between stops, restart subsequent stop time at completion of delay.
53
Q

If a delay greater than 5 minutes occur between 90 and 70 feet on mixed gas what are the required actions?

A
  • Shift to air to avoid CNS O2 toxicity
  • Shift back to 50/50 after completion of delay
  • Add the time on air to the bottom time
  • Recalculate the required decompression
  • If new schedule is required pick it up at current or subsequent stop
  • Ignore any deeper decompression
54
Q

What is the maximum allowed bottom time on all mixed gas dives?

A
  • 120 minutes
55
Q

What are the required actions if a diver is in excess of the table on a mixed gas dive and EDU cannot be contacted?

A
  • Decompress using 120 min schedule for the deepest depth obtained
  • Shift to oxygen at 40 fsw
  • Surface decompress after competing 30 min of O2 @ 40 ft
  • Complete Treatment table 6 w/ max extensions at 60 and 30 ft.
56
Q

What are the required actions if Primary helium-oxygen supply is lost on the bottom?

A
  • Shift to secondary bottom mix (if available)
  • Shift the diver to EGS ( if no secondary supply is available)
  • Abort dive
  • Remain on EGS until arrival at 90 fsw
  • Shift to 50/50 at 90 fsw
  • Complete decompression as planned
57
Q

What is done if the EGS becomes exhausted before 90 fsw is reached?

A
  • Shift to air
  • Continue decompression on air
  • Shift to 50/50 upon arrival at 90fsw
58
Q

What actions will you take if you cannot shift at 90 fsw or 50/50 is lost during decompression?

A
  • Continue decompression on air
  • Shift to 50/50 once corrected
  • Time on air counts toward decompression
  • Continue decompression as normal
59
Q

What actions are taken if 50/50 cannot be restored?

A
  • Continue decompression on air
  • At 50 fsw shift to 100% O2
  • Do not spend more than :16 at 50 fsw
  • After completing your 40ft. stop, surface decompress
60
Q

What actions are taken if the oxygen stop time at 50 fsw exceeds 16 minutes?

A
  • Bring divers to 40 fsw

- Add remaining oxygen time at 50 fsw to the 40 fsw stop time

61
Q

What action is taken if 100% O2 is lost at your 20/30fsw decompression stop and the problem can be quickly remedied?

A
  • Switch to 50/50 or air
  • Re-ventilate Divers with oxygen once it is restored
  • Resume schedule at point of interruption
  • Any time spent on 50/50 or air is counted as dead time
62
Q

What actions are taken if 100% O2 is lost at your 20/30fsw decompression stop, oxygen cannot be restored and a chamber is available?

A
  • Switch to 50/50 or air

- Initiate surface decompression

63
Q

What actions are taken if oxygen is lost at your 20/30fsw decompression stop, it cannot be restored and a chamber is not available?

A
  • Shift the Divers to 50/50

- Shift to air if 50/50 is not available

64
Q

What is done to the remaining oxygen stop time if decompressing on 50/50 or air?

A
  • 50/50: Double the time at each stop

- Air: Triple the time at each stop

65
Q

What is done for a temporary loss of oxygen is the chamber during a Sur D O2?

A
  • Have divers breathe chamber air
  • Return divers to oxygen breathing once it is restored
  • Consider any time on air as dead time
66
Q

What are your actions if oxygen is lost in the chamber at 40/50 fsw?

A
  • Ascend to 40 fsw in the chamber
  • Multiply remaining oxygen time by 2 if 50/50 is available
  • Multiply remaining oxygen time by 3 if finishing decompression on air
  • Fulfill 10% at 40 fsw, 20% at 30 fsw, and 70% at 20 fsw
67
Q

How do you allocate the required 50/50 or air time if oxygen is lost in the chamber at 30 fsw?

A
  • Do 30% at 30 fsw, and 70% at 20 fsw
68
Q

What are some possible sources of decompression gas contamination?

A
  • Improper valve line-up

- Accidental opening of the EGS valve

69
Q

What is the primary way you can verify whether you have an improper valve lin-up?

A
  • By checking the oxygen percentage on the console Analox
70
Q

What happens if your decompression gas is contaminated with bottom mix, 50/50, air of oxygen?

A
  • Find the source of contamination
  • Correct the problem
  • Ventilate each diver for 20 seconds
  • Confirm Divers are on bottom mix
  • Continue decompression
  • No lengthening is required
71
Q

What actions are taken if a diver has CNS O2 toxicity symptoms at the 90-60 fsw water stops?

A
  • Bring divers up 10 fsw
  • Shift to air while traveling
  • Have both divers ventilate for 20 seconds (stricken diver first)
  • Remain at the shallower depth on air until all decompression time has been fulfilled from the previous and current depth
  • Resume decompression on air
  • Shift back to 50/50 at the next shallower stop
72
Q

What actions are taken for an oxygen convulsion at the 90-60 fsw water stop?

A
  • Shift to air
  • Ventilate both Divers ( un-stricken then the stricken Diver)
  • Launch standby if a single diver is in the water
  • Hold at current depth until the tonic-clonic phase of the convulsion has subsided
  • Check the stricken diver for breathing

Breathing

  • Decompress the divers on air following the original schedule
  • Shift to 50/50 once at 50 fsw
  • Surface decompress upon completion of the 40 fsw stop

Can’t determine if the diver is breathing

  • Have the un-stricken diver or standby diver maintain an open airway
  • Surface standby Diver and the stricken diver @ 30 fpm
  • Have the un-stricken diver complete decompression in the water
  • Shift the unaffected diver back to 50/50 to finish decompression
73
Q

Why is it important to maintain an open air on a Diver that appears not to be breathing?

A
  • Air way obstruction is the most common reason why an unconscious Diver fails to breath.
74
Q

What diver ventilates first following a CNS O2 toxicity convulsion?

A
  • The unaffected diver
75
Q

What should be evaluated after the tonic-clonic phase of a convulsion?

A
  • Breathing
76
Q

How long does the tonic clonic phase of a convulsion last?

A
  • 1 to 2 minutes
77
Q

When are you going to put divers that are experiencing a convulsive/non-convulsive CNS 02 hit at 90-60fsw back on 50/50?

A
  • Non-convulsive: Next shallower depth

- Convulsive: 50 fsw

78
Q

What actions are taken for a non-convulsive CNS O2 symptom at the 50/40fsw stop while breathing 50/50 or oxygen?

A
  • Bring the divers up 10 ft
  • Shift to air while traveling
  • Ventilate both Divers (stricken then unstricken Diver)
  • Double the decompression the missed time form the 50/40 fsw water stops if you were on 50/50
  • Triple the decompression the missed time form the 50/40 fsw water stops if you were on 100% oxygen
  • Surface Decompress
79
Q

What actions are taken for a CNS O2 toxicity symptom at the 50/40 fsw stop when surface decompression is not feasible and in water decompression on oxygen is elected?

A
  • Ascend to 30 fsw (stay if already there)
  • Take a 10 min air break ( time on air does not count toward decompression)
  • Shift to oxygen
  • Complete decompression according to the schedule
80
Q

What actions are taken for a CNS O2 toxicity symptom at the 50/40 fsw stop when surface decompression is not feasible and in water decompression on air is elected?

A
  • Ascend to 30 fsw

- Compute air stop time by Tripling the required oxygen times required

81
Q

What actions are taken for a CNS O2 toxicity symptom at the 50/40 fsw stop when surface decompression is not feasible and in water decompression on air and oxygen is elected?

A
  • Ascend to 30 fsw (stay if already there)
  • Compute air stop time by multiplying the 30 fsw oxygen time by 3
  • Shift to oxygen at the 20 fsw stop
  • Complete original 20 fsw stop on oxygen
82
Q

What actions are taken if an oxygen convulsion occurs at the 50 fsw water stop and the diver is breathing?

A
  • Shift to air
  • Deploy standby if a single diver is in the water
  • Vent divers ( unstricken then the stricken diver)
  • Hold divers at current depth until the tonic-clonic phase of the convulsion has subsided
  • If Divers were breathing 50/50 double any missed time
  • If the divers were breathing oxygen triple any missed time
  • Surface decompress
  • Add the 40 fsw stop time in the water to the 50 fsw chamber stop time
83
Q

What is done differently is the convulsion happened at 40 fsw instead of 50 fsw?

A
  • Surface decompress the divers immediately

- Add the missed decompression time at 40 fsw to the 50 fsw chamber stop

84
Q

What do you treat an unconscious diver that is not breathing for upon surfacing?

A
  • AGE

- Omitted Decompression

85
Q

What is done if a chamber is available and a diver experiences a CNS O2 toxicity symptom at the 30/20 fsw stop?

A
  • Sift to air

- Surface decompress

86
Q

What do you do to the diver’s decompression time if he experiences a CNS O2 symptom at the 30 fsw stop and a chamber is not available?

A
  • Bring divers up 10 fsw while shifting to air
  • Ventilate both divers at 20 fsw ( stricken then un-stricken Diver)
  • Triple the missed 30 fsw and 20 fsw stop time
87
Q

What do you do to the diver’s decompression time if he experiences a CNS O2 symptom/convulsion at the 20 fsw stop and a chamber is not available?

A
  • Shift to air
  • Ventilate both Divers ( Stricken Diver then un-stricken Diver)
  • Multiple the remaining oxygen time by 3
88
Q

What actions are taken for an oxygen convulsion at 30-20 fsw water stop?

A
  • Shift to air
  • Ventilate Divers (un-stricken then stricken)
  • Hold diver at depth until the end of the tonic-clonic phase
  • Check for breathing and stabilize the stricken diver
  • Surface decompress
89
Q

What actions are taken if a diver is not breathing following an oxygen convulsion?

A
  • Maintain an open airway
  • Surface the diver at 30 fsw a minute
  • Treat for AGE
90
Q

Do you take the full prescribed chamber O2 periods if oxygen is lost while decompressing in the water during a mixed gas dive?

A
  • Yes
91
Q

What is done in the chamber if a diver cannot breathe oxygen due to CNS O2 toxicity?

A
  • Have the diver breathe chamber air
  • If at 50 fsw in the chamber ascend to 40 fsw
  • Multiply remaining oxygen stop time by three
  • Allocate 10% to the 40 fsw stop time, 20 % to the 30 fsw stop time, and 70% to the 20 fsw stop time
92
Q

Can you breathe 50/50 in the chamber if a diver cannot breathe oxygen due to CNS O2 toxicity?

A
  • No
93
Q

What is the penalty if a diver has a surface interval of greater than 7 minutes on a mixed gas surface decompression dive?

A
  • TT5 if 2 or fewer oxygen periods were required

- TT6 if 3 or more oxygen periods were required

94
Q

Is a repetitive dive allowed following a dive in which the safe way out procedure is used?

A
  • No
95
Q

What is required if a diver has asymptomatic decompression and omitted a stop between 40 and 50 fsw?

A
  • TT6
96
Q

What is required if a diver has asymptomatic decompression and missed less than/more than 60 min. of decompression at depths greater than 50 fsw?

A
  • Less than: TT6A

- More than: compress to depth of relief not exceed 225fsw

97
Q

What procedure is used when a non-saturation dive systems is used to treat a diver that has omitted a decompression stop deeper than 50 fsw where more than 60 minutes of decompression are missed?

A
  • Compress to depth of dive or 225fsw (whichever is shallower)
  • Stay at depth for 30 min (deeper than 165) and 2 hours minimum (shallower than 165)
  • Decompress using TT8
98
Q

What kind of treatment gas is breathed at depths greater than 165 fsw in the chamber?

A
  • Deeper than 165 an HE-O2 mix w/ 16-21% oxygen may be used to reduce nitrogen narcosis
99
Q

Saturation dive systems:

A
  • Compress to 60ft on air
  • Compress on full helium and to depth of dive or depth of relief if needed
  • Diver shall breath 84% helium and 16% oxygen during compression to avoid hypoxia
  • No less than 2 hours at depth
  • PPO2 should be allowed to fall passively to 0.44-0.48 ataBegin saturation decompression without an upward excursion
100
Q

What treatment table is used for omitted decompression occurred deeper than 50 fsw and more 60 minutes of decompression missed?

A
  • TT8
101
Q

What are some causes of a diver being dizzy or light headed on the bottom during a mixed gas dive?

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Gas supply contamination
  • Trauma to the inner ear due to difficulty clearing
102
Q

What actions are taken to manage a dizzy or light headed diver on the bottom during a mixed gas dive?

A
  • Stop work and ventilate
  • Topside needs to check oxygen content of gas via the Analox
  • If ventilation does improve symptoms switch to your secondary bottom mix
  • Continue ventilation
  • If entire gas supply is suspect, place the Divers on EGS
  • Abort the dive
103
Q

What will vertigo due to inner ear problems not respond to?

A
  • Ventilation

- May worsen the problem

104
Q

What kind of vertigo responds to ventilation and when does it occur?

A
  • Alternobaric Vertigo

- Just as the diver arrives on bottom

105
Q

What is the first thing you do if you have an unconscious diver on the bottom?

A
  • Make sure the breathing medium is adequate and the diver is breathing
  • Verify manifold pressure and oxygen content
106
Q

Why do you want to ventilate an unconscious diver?

A
  • To remove any accumulated CO2 in the helmet
107
Q

What are your actions if you cannot determine whether a diver is breathing at depth on a decompression dive?

A
  • Assume he is breathing and continue with normal decompression
108
Q

What are your actions if you know a diver is not breathing during a decompression dive?

A
  • Diver will fulfill his first decompression stop and then surface at 30fsw/min
  • Recompress immediately and treat for omitted decompression
109
Q

What actions are taken if decompression sickness occurs on a mixed gas dive deeper than 30 fsw?

A
  • Recompress 10 fsw
  • Remain on 50/50 during recompression
  • Remain at deeper stop for 1.5 times the decompression table called for (if no stop time was indicated use the next shallower stop time)
  • Decompress to 40 fsw by multiplying each stop in-between by 1.5 or more if needed to control the symptoms
  • Shift to 100% oxygen at 40 fsw
  • Complete a :30 stop at 40 fsw
  • Surface decompress after completion of :30 stop at 40 fsw
  • Treat on TT6
110
Q

What actions are taken if decompression sickness occurs on a mixed gas dive at 30 fsw or shallower?

A
  • Remain on oxygen
  • Recompress 10 fsw
  • Remain at depth for :30
  • Surface decompress
  • Treat on TT6
111
Q

What is done if the diver’s symptoms do not resolve after 30 minutes at the deeper depth?

A
  • Decompress the diver on oxygen
  • Multiply the intervening stop times by 1.5 or more as needed to control the symptoms
  • Treat on TT6 once on the surface
112
Q

How long do type 1 symptoms have to resolve at 50 fsw in the chamber to avoid a treatment?

A
  • 15 minutes

- Neuro has to be normal

113
Q

Can you do mixed gas diving at altitude?

A
  • Yes
114
Q

How long do you have to wait once at altitude to make a mixed gas dive?

A
  • 12 hours
115
Q

Are minimum and maximum oxygen percentages adjusted for mixed gas diving at altitude?

A
  • No

- Use actual depth not the sea level equivalent depth

116
Q

Are chamber stop depths adjusted when performing a surface decompression for a mixed gas dive at altitude?

A
  • No

Navy Diver (11 decks)

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