Mixed Dentition Flashcards
▸The transition from primary teeth (deciduous) —> permanent teeth (succedaneous)
▸A balance of primary tooth loss and permanent tooth eruption, up to the functional occlusal plane
▸Eruption of permanent tooth leads to the root resorption of the primary tooth
▸Largely between the ages of 6-12 years old
Mixed dentition
T/F: ▸The maxilla and mandible affect growth of the other
True
T/F: ▸Occlusion of the teeth can affect the growth of the jaws
True
▸Primary incisors are _____ than the permanent incisors
smaller
Do you want spaces between the teeth in the primary dentition?
Yes
▸Primary molars are ______ than their permanent successors ▸
larger
________ is the following principle:
▸Primary molars are larger than their permanent successors
▸Important to maintain primary molars to accommodate for crowding
Leeway space
▸Space between:
▸ upper primary lateral incisor and canine
▸lower primary canine and 1st molar
▸Extra spacing- accommodate larger permanent teeth ▸1-2mm of spacing in each arch
▸Vestige of our ‘primate” genetic heritage
Primate/simian space
The primate/simian space is where in the maxilla?
▸ upper primary lateral incisor and canine
The primate/simian space is where in the mandible?
▸lower primary canine and 1st molar
▸Permanent incisors are larger than the primary incisors
▸Body able to self-correct via:
▸Labial tipping of perm incisors
▸Inter-canine width increase
▸Primary, primate, and leeway space utilization
Incisor liability
___-____ years old:
▸Beginning stages of permanent tooth eruption with many baby teeth remaining
▸Upper and lower Perm 1st molars
▸Upper and lower perm incisors
▸Lower teeth erupt before upper
▸Focus on symmetry- less on chronological age
▸Transverse development of maxilla slows
▸Arch length is “set”
▸Ears and head are nearly at their adult size
6-8 years old
During the 6-8 year old period, do the lower or upper teeth erupt first?
Lower teeth
____-_____ years old:
▸Entering the “Ugly Duckling” stage
▸Perm canines push on the roots of lateral incisors ▸Lower permanent canines and upper and lower 1st premolars erupt
▸Most independent forward and down growth of the maxilla slows
▸Maxillary transverse suture initiates interdigitation ▸Anticipate CII relationship
▸Upper teeth and jaw ahead of the lower
8-10 years old
____-____ years old:
▸Upper perm canines and second premolars
▸Upper and lower perm 2nd molars
▸Midline maxillary diastema begin to close after eruption of canines
▸Diastema smaller than 3mm
▸Begin to enter pubertal growth spurt (females more so, than males)
▸Mandible begins to “catch up” to the maxilla
▸Anterior-posterior relationship improves
▸* Vertical height of the face increases through skeletal maturation
10-12 YEARS OLD
▸Altered eruption pathway of permanent teeth ▸Primary teeth maintained
▸Case Plan: extraction of primary laterals, lower brackets, retainer
Over-retained primary teeth
▸Affected tooth is underneath the functional occlusal plane
▸Most often primary mandibular 1st/2nd molars ▸Treatment: Monitor until require dental-age appropriate extraction
▸If not address, lead to vertical bone/periodontal defects to adjacent teeth
ANKYLOSIS{
Premature loss of upper and lower left primary lateral incisor
Due to severe crowding
PLAN: Space Regaining
Maxillary expansion, extraction of lower primary canines, Lower 2x4, lower lingual holding arch
Premature lost primary teeth
▸Obtain pano by age 7 to:
▸Identify eruption pathway of permanent canines (and other teeth)
▸If a contralateral permanent tooth not erupt with 6 months of counterpart
▸Excessive amount of time has passed from eruption window
ECTOPIC ERUPTION
______ impaction most common, after 3rd molars
Early detection is KEY
Canine
If the canine gets past the ______ of the lateral incisor, there is a much lesser likelihood of spontaneous correction
Midline of lateral incisor
____ causes the following:
▸Posterior cross bite
▸Anterior open bite
▸Intruded incisors
Thumb sucking
▸Functional: Occlusion
▸Functional interference
▸Cause mandible to shift into maximum intercuspation ▸Untreated—> asymmetric mandibular growth ▸Skeletal/Non-functional: Skeletal growth
▸Often a unilateral cross bite is due to a constricted maxilla (unless a cleft/craniofacial patient)
Crossbites
In a class 3 case with maxillary retrognathia and severe to moderate dental crowding, what is the likely treatment from 7-10 years old?
Reverse Pull Headgear
_______ : two tooth buds are joined into one large tooth
▸One tooth short in the arch, if count the larger tooth as one
▸Fusion
_______: one tooth bud attempts to split into two ▸Normal tooth count, if count larger tooth as one
▸Gemination
What are the 2 most common teeth types that are missing teeth?
Maxillary lateral incisors and
Mandibular second premolars
T/F: ▸Primary tooth condition is not always a predictor of the permanent tooth
True
