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Science - Grade 8 > Mix and Flow of Matter > Flashcards

Mix and Flow of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q
A

Compressed gasses

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2
Q
A

Flammable and combustible material

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3
Q
A

Oxidizing material

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4
Q
A

Poisonous and infectious materials

Division 1: Immiediate and toxic effects

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5
Q
A

Poisonous and Infectious materials -

Division 2 - materials causing other toxic effects

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6
Q
A

Biohazard

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7
Q
A

Corrosive

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8
Q
A

Reactive

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9
Q

name the 3 states of matter

A

solid

liquid

gas

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10
Q

pure substance

A

a material that contains only one kind of particle

(examples: hydrogen, carbon, diamond)

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11
Q

solute

A

a substance that disolves in a solvent

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12
Q

solvent

A

a substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution

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13
Q

concentration

A

the varying degrees of the amount of solute in a solvent

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14
Q

solubility

A

the mass of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent
to form a saturated solution at a given temperature

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15
Q

Particle Model of Matter

A

all matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules)

these particles are constantly moving

have big spaces between them

held together by strong attractive forces

each pure substance has unique particles

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16
Q

properties of fluids

A

any substance the flows

(includes liquids and gasses)

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17
Q

solids

A

the state of matter in which a substance has a definite shape and volume

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18
Q

pressure

A

a force acting perpendicular
to a certain surface area

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19
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on viscosity of liquids

A

As temp increases, particles move faster and bonds break causing
materials to flow more easily, making the viscosity less

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20
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on viscosity of gasses

A

As temperature increases, particles move faster which means the free gas particles are more likely to collide, which makes harder to flow wich makes viscosity more

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21
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on density

A

As temp increases, particles move dfaster and bonds break
between particles, causing them to move further apart.

This makes the material less dense.

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22
Q

Describe the amount of movement particles have in:

  • solids
  • liquids
  • gasses
A

solids: just vibrating
liquids: moving freely, sliding past each other
gases: moving at random, quickly and bouncing off each other

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23
Q

Draw a diagram of the “chart” of each type of matter…

starting with Matter at the top

A

..

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24
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

looks like only one substance

Particles are intermingled (mixed)

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25
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

looks like 2 or more different substance mixed together

particles are clumped together

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26
Q

mechanical mixture

A

mixtures that are obviously heterogeneous

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27
Q

suspension

A

a heterogeneous mixture in which
particles settle slowly after mixing

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28
Q

colloid

A

a heterogeneous mixture in which
particles do not settle

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29
Q

How can you tell if a sample of matter is a pure substance?

A

it contains only one kind of particle

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30
Q

How can you tell if a sample of matter is a suspension?

A

if particles settle slowly after mixing

31
Q

Describe ways to separate mixtures

A

picking out with tongs

filtration

floatation

magnetism

settling (or sedimentation)

evaporation

distillation

32
Q

What is meant when we say a solution is:

  • unsaturated?
  • saturated?
A

Unsaturated: more solute will be able to dissolve at a given temperature

Saturated: No more solute will be able to dissolve at a given temperature.

33
Q

name 3 ways to increase solubility

A

increase the temperature or heat

increase surface area

increase agitation or stirring

34
Q

how can you increase the rate at which substances flow through a pipe?

A

make the pipes diameter larger

increase the temperature

35
Q

Do less dense materials float or sink?

A

float

36
Q

What do you use in an experiment to measure:

a) mass
b) volume
c) buoyant force

(and what is the formula for calculating buoyant force of a liquid

A

a) spring scale
b) measuring cylinder or overflow can (which uses displacement)
c) spring scale

bouyant force = weight in air - weight in liquid

37
Q

What is the formula for density?

A

Density = mass/volume

38
Q

Why do bodies of water with more salt have a greater buoyant force?

A

Because they have more particles pushing up on the submerged object.

39
Q

Why can gasses be compressed more easily than solids or liquids?

A

because there are larger spaces between the particles

40
Q

Describe Pascal’s law

A

a law stating that when pressure is exerted on one part of a fluid, the same pressure is transmitted unchanged to all parts of the fluid, no matter what the shape of the container holding the fluid

41
Q

You have a substance that is 58 g and displaces 29ml of water.

What is the density of the substance?

152g/ml

2g

152 ml

2g/ml

A

2g/ml

42
Q

solid

A

state of matter in which a substance has a
definite shape and a definite volume

43
Q

liquid

A

the state of matter in which substances have a
definite volume but no definite shape (water)

44
Q

gas

A

the state of matter in which a substance has
neither a definite shape nor a definite volume (water vapour)

45
Q

pure substance

A

a material that contains only one kid of particle

can be an element or a compound

46
Q

properties

A

characteristics that describe matter

47
Q

mixture

A

a combination of two or more pure substances such as that each one’s
properties are not lost but may be hidden

48
Q

solution

A

a homogeneous mixture of two or more pure substances

49
Q

agitation

A

stirring or shaking

50
Q

saturated solution

A

a solution in which no more solute will disolve in a
specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature

51
Q

unsaturated solution

A

solution in which more of a solute could dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at the same temperature

52
Q

supersaturated

A

a solution that contains more solute than would normally dissolve at a certain temperature

53
Q

insoluble

A

not able to be dissolved in a particular substance

54
Q

viscosity

A

the measure of how fast a fluid will flow.

the thickness or thinness of a fluid.

55
Q

flow rate

A

the volume of fluid that passes a point
in a pipe or tube in a certain amount of time

56
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in a substance

often measured with a balance

57
Q

volume

A

the measurement of the amount of space occupied by a substance;
measured in litres or cubic units such as cubic centimeters

58
Q

density

A

the amount of mass in a certain unit volume of a substance

density = mass divided by volume

59
Q

weight

A

the force of gravity exerted on a mass

60
Q

force

A

a push or pull, or anything that causes a change in motion of an object

61
Q

buoyancy

A

the tendency to rise or float in a fluid

62
Q

buoyant force

A

the upward force exerted on objects submerged in or floating on a fluid

63
Q

average density

A

the total mass of an object divided by the total volume

64
Q

saturation points

A
65
Q

emulsion

A

a mixture in which droplets of fat are prevented
from joining together by an emulsifying agent

66
Q

dissolving

A

breaking up;
forming a solution by mixing two or more materials together

67
Q

Archimedes’ principle

A

a scientific principle stating that the buoyant force
acting on a submerged object equals the
weight of the fluid displaced by the object

68
Q

hydrometer

A

an instrument designed to
meausure the density of a liquid

69
Q

Pascal (PA)

A

Pascal

a unit for pressure;
newtons per square metre (N/m2)

70
Q

kilopascal (kPa)

A

a unit of pressure equal to 1000 pascals

71
Q

hydraulic system

A

a device that transmits an applied force through a liquid
to move something else by means of pressure

72
Q

pneumatic system

A

a system in which a gas, such as air, transmits
a force exerted on the gas in an enclosed space

73
Q

barometer

A

the most common device for measuring
air pressure

Science - Grade 8 (5 decks)

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