Mitral valve Prolapse syndrome

Question 1

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: def

Answer 1

• a valvular abnormality

Question 2

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: Causes

Answer 2

• idiopathic valvular abnormality, characterized by myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve leaflets
• can also be seen in CT disorders: Marfan’s syndrome, Ehlers Danlos
• can be due to IHD, and dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 3

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: Symptoms

Answer 3

• usually asymptomatic

Question 4

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: examination, auscultation

Answer 4

• heart murmur: mid-systolic click + systolic murmur (not always, depends on the blood going to the atrium). Late systolic murmur.

Question 5

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: test

Answer 5

• TTE: Transthoracic echocardiogram, systolic displacement of one or both leaflets by > 2mm into the LA

Question 6

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: treatment

Answer 6

• BB (angina)
• Anticoagulation (AF patients)
• MV repair

Question 7

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: prognosis

Answer 7

• benign in most patients and determined largely by severity. 1% complication includes significant MR, infective endocarditis, cerebrovascular event, arrhythmia