Mitral Regurgitation

Question 1

Define Carpentier’s classification of mitral valve classification of MR.

Answer 1

Question 2

What is billowing or scalloping of leaflet?

Answer 2

where part of a mitral leaflet projects above the annulus in systole, but the coaptation point remains below the mitral annulus

Question 3

Define prolapse

Answer 3

used to describe the excursion of a leaflet tip above the level of the mitral annulus during systole, causing regurgitation

Question 4

What are the three types of chordae tendineae and where do they attach?

Answer 4

First-order (or primary) chordae attach to the edge of the leaflets, second-order (or secondary) chordae attach to the body of the leaflets, and third-order (or tertiary) chordae attach to the base of the posterior leaflet.

Question 5

Annular dilation of mitral valve is > what?

Answer 5

> 4 cm

Question 6

Explain the Classic vs Carpentier vs Duran nomenclature of the mitral valve with regard to leaflets.

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the C-Sept distance?

Answer 7

Distance between septum and the tip of the coaptation point.

Question 8

Vena contracta width for mild vs severe MR?

Answer 8

<.3 cm for mild, > .7 cm for Severe

Question 9

What is EROA for moderate MR?

Answer 9

.2-.4 cm2

Question 10

What is Regurgitant volume and Regurgitant fraction for moderate MR?

Answer 10

30-60 cc Rvol

30-50% RF

Question 11

Formula for Surface area of hemisphere?

Answer 11

PISA = 2pier^2

Question 12

EROA formula?`

Answer 12

2pier^2 x Valiasing/Vmax regurg

Question 13

Regurgitant volume = EROA x VTI regurg