Mitosis (stages) Flashcards
1
Q
what happens in the prophase ?
A
- cell prepares to divide by tightly condensing its chromosomes
- initialisation of mitotic spindle formation
- Gene transcription ceases untill late nanaphase to early G1
- Centrososmes coordinate cell’s microtubules
1
Q
what happens in the prophase ?
A
- cell prepares to divide by tightly condensing its chromosomes
- initialisation of mitotic spindle formation
- Gene transcription ceases untill late nanaphase to early G1
- Centrososmes coordinate cell’s microtubules
1
Q
what happens in the prophase ?
A
- cell prepares to divide by tightly condensing its chromosomes
- initialisation of mitotic spindle formation
- Gene transcription ceases untill late nanaphase to early G1
- Centrososmes coordinate cell’s microtubules
2
Q
what happens in the prometaphase ?
A
- Phosphorylation of nuclear lamins = nuclear envelope disintegrates into small membrane vesicles
- microtubules invade the nuclear space
- late stage = kinetochose micotubules attach to choromososmal kinetochores
3
Q
what happens in the metaphase ?
A
- 2 centrosomes begin to pull chromosomes towards opposite poles of the cell
- checkpoint to guarantee that kinetochores have properly attached to the mitotic spindle + alignment of chromososmes along metaphase plate
4
Q
what happens in anaphase?
A
- cohesins bind sister chromatids together and are cleaved, forming 2 identical daughter chromosomes
- kinetochore microtubiles shorten which pull the daughter choromsomes to opposite ends of the cell
- polar microtubels push against eahc other elongating the cell
- late stage = chromososmes reach overall maximal condensation level
5
Q
What happend during telophase ?
A
- microtubules lenghten, elongating cell further
- new nuclear envelope formed around each separated daughter chromosome form memebrane vesicles of parent cell’s old nucler envelope
- chromososmes begin to “relax” or decondense
6
Q
Cytokinesis
A
- NOT A PHASE OF MITOSIS
- Cleavage furrow (pinch) containing a contractile ring, develops where the metaphase plate used to be, pinching off the separated nuclei
- Each daughter cell has a complete copy of the genome of its parent cell
