Mitosis (lecture notes)

Question 1

What happens during G2 of interphase?

Answer 1

1) nuclear envelope forms around nucleus (ribosomes made and indication of regular cell life- not in division yet)
2) centrosomes replicated to make 2- microtubual organizing center
3) s phase done, DNA replicated and in loose chromatin structure not condensed

Question 2

What happens during prophase?

Answer 2

1) chromosomes condensed and consist of 2 sister chromatids connected at centromeres
2) nucleoli gone
3) early mitotic spindle formed
4) centrosomes start to move toward poles and send out microtubhles which forms the spindle

Question 3

What happens during prometaphase?

Answer 3

1) nuclear envelope breaks down
2) microtubules invade and bind
- connect at kinetochore located at centromere
- kinetochore microtubules connected to sister chromatids at kinetochore

Question 4

What happens during metaphase?

Answer 4

1) all chromosomes lined up in middle on imaginary metaphase plate
2) centrosomes completed migration to poles

Question 5

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 5

1) chromosomes move to opposite poles

2) cohesion proteins cleaved to allow separation

Question 6

Chromosomes only called sister chromatids when

Answer 6

Bound together

Question 7

What happens during telophase?

Answer 7

1) chromosomes are moved to poles
2) start cell function (regular)
3) cytokinesis separate
4) spindle broken down, nuclear envelope and nucleoli forming

Question 8

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 8

1) cells physically split
2) cleavage forough forms and splits 2 animal cells
3) plants have cell walls- vesicles transport cell plate materials
4) now have to identical daughter cells