Mitosis & Cell Cyle Flashcards
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
True or False: Mitosis occurs only in prokaryotic cells.
False: Mitosis occurs in eukaryotic cells.
What are the main stages of the cell cycle?
The main stages of the cell cycle are Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis.
Fill in the blank: The phase where the cell grows and duplicates its DNA is called _____ .
Interphase
What is the purpose of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?
The G1 phase is for cell growth and preparation for DNA replication.
What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?
During the S phase, DNA is replicated.
Which phase follows the S phase?
The G2 phase.
What occurs during prophase?
During prophase, chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.
True or False: During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plane.
True.
What is the function of spindle fibers?
Spindle fibers help separate chromosomes during mitosis.
What key event occurs during anaphase?
Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
During which phase does the nuclear envelope re-form?
During telophase.
What is cytokinesis?
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells.
Fill in the blank: The checkpoint that ensures DNA is replicated correctly is the _____ checkpoint.
G2
What role do cyclins play in the cell cycle?
Cyclins regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
Checkpoints ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase and prevent errors.
True or False: Apoptosis is a process that occurs during the cell cycle.
False: Apoptosis is programmed cell death, not a phase of the cell cycle.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.
What is a chromatid?
A chromatid is one of two identical halves of a replicated chromosome.
During which phase do cells spend the majority of their time?
Cells spend the majority of their time in Interphase.
What happens to the chromosome number during mitosis?
The chromosome number remains the same; it is duplicated and then equally divided.
Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division is called _____ .
M phase
What happens to the nucleolus during prophase?
The nucleolus disappears during prophase.
What type of cells undergo mitosis?
Somatic cells undergo mitosis.
What is the significance of the G0 phase?
The G0 phase is a resting state where cells are not actively preparing to divide.
What is meant by ‘sister chromatids’?
Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a single chromosome, connected at the centromere.
True or False: Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction.
True.
What happens during the G2 phase?
During the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis.
