Carbohydrates Flashcards
Phospholipid
Glycerol, 2 fatty acids & a phosphate group
What is starch
A polymer of alpha glucose, mostly unbranched, used to store glucose in plants.
What is lactose
Disaccharide of glucose and galactose
Glycosidic bond
A bond between 2 monosaccharides, formed by a condensation reaction
Beta- glucose
A glucose monomer, OH group is above the ring on Carbon 1
What is a fatty acid
Contains a -COOH group and a hydrocarbon tail
R- group
A variable group (amino acids/ lipids)
cellulose
Polymer of beta glucose, used in plant cell walls.
Benedict’s test
Test for reducing sugars, heat turns from blue to brick red.
What is an ester bond?
The bond that joins glycerol to fatty acids in lipids.
Hydrolysis
A reaction that uses water and splits 2 molecules
What’s an isomer
Same atoms, different arrangement
Maltose
A dimer of alpha glucose
What type of molecules are phospholipids
Polar , hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
What does the phospholipid structure allow them to form
Glycolipids by combining with carbohydrates within the cell surface membrane
Important in cell recognition
In triglycerides what does each fatty acid form
An ester bond with glycerol in a condensation reaction
What does hydrolysis of a triglyceride produce
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What are 4 roles of lipids
Source of energy
Waterproofing
Insulation
Protection - of organs
