Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Phospholipid

A

Glycerol, 2 fatty acids & a phosphate group

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2
Q

What is starch

A

A polymer of alpha glucose, mostly unbranched, used to store glucose in plants.

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3
Q

What is lactose

A

Disaccharide of glucose and galactose

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4
Q

Glycosidic bond

A

A bond between 2 monosaccharides, formed by a condensation reaction

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5
Q

Beta- glucose

A

A glucose monomer, OH group is above the ring on Carbon 1

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6
Q

What is a fatty acid

A

Contains a -COOH group and a hydrocarbon tail

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7
Q

R- group

A

A variable group (amino acids/ lipids)

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8
Q

cellulose

A

Polymer of beta glucose, used in plant cell walls.

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9
Q

Benedict’s test

A

Test for reducing sugars, heat turns from blue to brick red.

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10
Q

What is an ester bond?

A

The bond that joins glycerol to fatty acids in lipids.

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11
Q

Hydrolysis

A

A reaction that uses water and splits 2 molecules

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12
Q

What’s an isomer

A

Same atoms, different arrangement

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13
Q

Maltose

A

A dimer of alpha glucose

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14
Q

What type of molecules are phospholipids

A

Polar , hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

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15
Q

What does the phospholipid structure allow them to form

A

Glycolipids by combining with carbohydrates within the cell surface membrane
Important in cell recognition

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16
Q

In triglycerides what does each fatty acid form

A

An ester bond with glycerol in a condensation reaction

17
Q

What does hydrolysis of a triglyceride produce

A

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

18
Q

What are 4 roles of lipids

A

Source of energy
Waterproofing
Insulation
Protection - of organs