Mitosis And Meiosis Flashcards
Most of the cell cycle is spent in…..
Interphase
What is the cell cycle?
A sequence of activities that occurs from the time a cell is formed until its own division into 2 daughter cells
What happens in interphase
The cell:
Grows in size
Acquires nutrients
Duplicates chromosomes
Why do cells divide?
For reproduction
For growth
For repair and renewal
Differentiate between somatic and germ cell
A somatic cell’s genes will not be passed on to future generations
A germ cell is destined to become a gamete; its genes can be passed on to future generations
Define gene
The basic unit of heredity in our cells
Describe mitosis
If a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it must first copy its DNA
The copies then must be separated and sorted into two sides of the cell
The cell then splits in two. Part of each parent is carried to the two new cells
Describe meiosis
If a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it must first copy its DNA
Results in reproductive cells
Part of each parent is carried to the four new cells
How many chromosomes does the nucleus of a human cell have?
46
The two chromosomes that form a pair of chromosomes are known as
Homologous chromosomes
When does DNA replication take place?
During interphase
4 main stages of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What happens in the metaphase
Centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell
What happens in the anaphase
Centromeres split (the X’s)
Mitosis is essential for:
Growth
Repair
Asexual reproduction
Animal cloning
