Mitosis

Question 1

Asexual Production

Answer 1

produce offspring identical to parents

Question 2

Sexual Production

Answer 2

exchange of genetic information so offspring have unique traits

Question 3

DNA

Answer 3

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 4

Somatic Cells

Answer 4

body cells

Question 5

Gametic Cells

Answer 5

sex cells (sperm and egg)
-only cells that undergo meiosis

Question 6

Interphase (not a part of mitosis)

Answer 6

Cells spend most of their lives in interphase

• includes Gap 1, Synthesis, and Gap 2
• chromosomes are uncondensed, not visible

Question 7

Prophase

Answer 7

First official phase of mitosis

• nucleolus disappears
• nuclear membrane breaks down
• chromosomes condense, becoming visible
• centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, spindle fibers form
• end of prophase is movement of chromosomes to center and centrioles to opposite ends

Question 8

Metaphase

Answer 8

• spindle fibers align chromosomes along the middle of the cell
• line is referred to as METAPHASE PLATE/ EQUATORIAL PLATE

Question 9

Anaphase

Answer 9

• each centomere splits apart
• sister chromatids separate
• spindle fibers shorten and pull sister chromatids toward opposite poles
• other spindle fibers lengthen, causing cell to elongate (oval shape)

Question 10

Telophase

Answer 10

• begins when chromosomes reach opposite poles of the cell and single-stranded chromosomes become organized into 2 new daughter nuclei
• chromosomes elongate and become less visible
• spindle fibers break down
• nuclear membrane and nuclei reform around each mass of chromatin

Question 11

Cytokinesis/ Cytoplasmic Cleavage

Answer 11

• division of cytoplasm to form 2 new daughter cells
• separate process from mitosis but begins in late telophase
• cytoplasm and organelles divide equally

Question 12

Chromatin

Answer 12

very highly folded fibers made up of repeating units called nucleosomes