Mitosis Flashcards
What happens in prophase?
Chromosomes condense, getting shorter and fatter. Membrane around nucleus breaks down and chromosomes lie free in cytoplasm.
What happens in metaphase?
Chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell.
What happens in anaphase?
Cell fibres pull the chromosomes apart. Two arms of each chromosome go to opposite ends of the cell.
What happens in telophase?
Membranes form around each set of chromosomes, become the nuclei of two new cells - nucleus has divided.
What happens in cytokinesis?
Cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two separate cells.
Structure of a sensory neurone?
One long dendron carries nerve impulse from receptor cells to cell body, which is located in middle of neurone. One short axon carries nerve impulses from the cell body to the CNS.
Structure of the relay neurone?
Many short dendrites carry nerve impulses from sensory neurones to cell body. An axon carries nerve impulses from cell body to motor neurones.
Structure of the motor neurone?
Many short dendrites carry never impulses from the CNS to cell body. One long axon carries nerve impulses from cell body to effector cells.
How to extract DNA from fruit cells? 1.
Mash some strawberries and then put them in a beaker containing a solution of detergent and salt. Mix well.
The detergent break downs cell membranes to release DNA and salt makes DNA stick together.
How to extract DNA from fruit cells? 2.
Filter the mixture to get the froth and big, insoluble bits of cell out.
How to extract DNA from fruit cells? 3.
Gently add some ice-cold alcohol to the filtered mixture.
How to extract DNA from fruit cells? 4.
DNA will start to come out the solution as it is not soluble in cold alcohol. It will appear as a stringy white precipitate that can be carefully fished out with a glass rod.
Bases. What does A mean?
Adenine
Bases. What does T mean?
Thymine
Bases. What does C mean?
Cytosine
