Mitosis

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 2

How many stages are there in mitosis?

Answer 2

There are five stages in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.

Question 3

What occurs during prophase?

Answer 3

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.

Question 4

True or False: Mitosis occurs in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 4

False: Mitosis occurs in eukaryotic cells.

Question 5

What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?

Answer 5

help separate the chromosomes

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plane is called _____

Answer 6

metaphase

Question 7

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 7

During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 8

Short answer: What is the end result of mitosis?

Answer 8

The end result of mitosis is two identical daughter cells.

Question 9

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 9

Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.

Question 10

Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the reformation of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 10

Telophase.

Question 11

True or False: Mitosis is responsible for growth and repair in multicellular organisms.

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

What structure organizes the microtubules during mitosis?

Answer 12

The centrosome organizes the microtubules.

Question 13

What are sister chromatids?

Answer 13

Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a single chromosome that are connected by a centromere.

Question 14

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 14

Checkpoints ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase and that there are no errors.

Question 15

What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 15

Interphase and the mitotic phase.

Question 16

what does mitosis produce?

Answer 16

Mitosis produces somatic cells

Question 17

What occurs during metaphase?

Answer 17

Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The division of the cytoplasm during cell division is called _____

Answer 18

cytokinesis

Question 19

What is the role of the centromere?

Answer 19

region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined and where spindle fibers attach.

Question 20

What happens during telophase?

Answer 20

During telophase, the chromosomes decondense, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the cell prepares to divide.

Question 21

What is a chromatid?

Answer 21

one half of a duplicated chromosome.

Question 22

True or False: Mitosis is a type of asexual reproduction.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

Answer 23

The main purpose of mitosis is to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where the cell spends most of its life is called _____

Answer 24

interphase

Question 25

What are the three sub-phases of interphase?

Answer 25

G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase.

Question 26

What does the S phase stand for?

Answer 26

S phase stands for synthesis phase, where DNA replication occurs.

Question 27

True or False: Cells can skip mitosis if they are not ready.

Answer 27

True: Cells can undergo checkpoints to delay or skip mitosis.

Question 28

What happens if errors occur during mitosis?

Answer 28

Errors during mitosis can lead to cell death or cancer.

Question 29

What is the function of the mitotic spindle?

Answer 29

The mitotic spindle is responsible for separating chromosomes during cell division.

Question 30

What is the role of the cell cycle in organisms?

Answer 30

The cell cycle regulates cell growth, replication, and division.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: During _____, the cell prepares for mitosis by copying its DNA.

Answer 31

interphase

Question 32

What occurs if a cell does not successfully complete mitosis?

Answer 32

If a cell does not complete mitosis successfully, it may undergo apoptosis or become dysfunctional.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where the chromosomes are pulled apart is called _____

Answer 33

anaphase

Question 34

What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 34

- monitor the cell's progress - ensure that conditions are favorable for division.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The stage of mitosis where chromosomes are at the poles and the cell is preparing to divide is called _____

Answer 35

telophase

Question 36

What do you call the protein structure that helps in the movement of chromosomes?

Answer 36

The mitotic spindle.

Question 37

What is the significance of the G1 phase?

Answer 37

The G1 phase is important for cell growth and preparation for DNA replication.

Question 38

True or False: Mitosis is a process that only occurs in somatic cells.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

What happens during G2 phase?

Answer 39

- cell continues to grow - synthesizes proteins and organelles necessary for cell division - checks for DNA damage before entering mitosis.

Question 40

What is the outcome if a cell fails a checkpoint?

Answer 40

If a cell fails a checkpoint, it may be directed to repair its errors or undergo apoptosis.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The final step of cell division where the two daughter cells separate is called _____

Answer 41

cytokinesis

Question 42

True or False: Mitosis results in genetic variation among daughter cells.

Answer 42

False: Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 43

What is the main function of the mitotic spindle?

Answer 43

To ensure proper separation of chromosomes during mitosis.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: The structure that holds sister chromatids together is called _____

Answer 44

centromere

Question 45

What happens in S phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 45

the cell replicates its DNA, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material before cell division

Question 46

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis characterized by the alignment of chromosomes is _____

Answer 46

metaphase

Question 47

True or False: Mitosis is essential for tissue growth and repair.

Answer 47

True.

Question 48

What is the role of the centrosome during mitosis?

Answer 48

The centrosome organizes the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle.

Question 49

Fill in the blank: The stage of the cell cycle where the cell is not actively dividing is called _____

Answer 49

interphase (G0)

Question 50

What happens to the chromosomes during telophase?

Answer 50

The chromosomes decondense back into chromatin during telophase.

Question 51

What are the consequences of uncontrolled mitosis?

Answer 51

Uncontrolled mitosis can lead to tumor formation and cancer.

Question 52

Fill in the blank: The organelle that organizes the mitotic spindle is the _____

Answer 52

centrosome

Question 53

What is the primary purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Answer 53

To facilitate growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues.

Question 54

What does the term 'diploid' refer to?

Answer 54

Diploid refers to a cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes.

Question 55

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where chromatin condenses into chromosomes is called _____

Answer 55

prophase

Question 56

What is the role of microtubules during metaphase?

Answer 56

Microtubules attach to the centromeres of chromosomes to align them at the metaphase plate.

Question 57

True or False: The cell cycle is a series of phases that cells go through to divide.

Answer 57

True.

Question 58

What happens during G1 phase?

Answer 58

the cell grows and increases the volume of protein and organelles.

Question 59

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where the cell prepares for division is called _____

Answer 59

telophase

Question 60

What is the main difference between somatic cells and gametes?

Answer 60

Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid.

Question 61

Fill in the blank: The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells is called _____

Answer 61

mitosis

Question 62

What happens during the G2 phase?

Answer 62

the cell prepares for the mitotic division

Question 63

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle?

Answer 63

To separate sister chromatids during mitosis.

Question 64

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite poles is called _____

Answer 64

anaphase

Question 65

True or False: Mitosis results in two cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.

Answer 65

True.

Question 66

Fill in the blank: The region of the chromosome where the spindle fibers attach is called the _____

Answer 66

centromere

Question 67

What are the consequences of faulty mitosis?

Answer 67

Faulty mitosis can lead to genetic disorders and cancer.

Question 68

What is the relationship between mitosis and cancer?

Answer 68

Uncontrolled mitosis can lead to cancerous growths.

Question 69

True or False: The daughter cells produced by mitosis are always identical to the parent cell.

Answer 69

True.

Question 70

Fill in the blank: The checkpoint that assesses DNA integrity before mitosis is called the _____ checkpoint.

Answer 70

G2

Question 71

What occurs during the G1 checkpoint?

Answer 71

The G1 checkpoint assesses cell size, nutrient availability, and DNA integrity before DNA replication.

Question 72

Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where DNA is not being replicated is _____

Answer 72

G1 phase

Question 73

what happens in m phase?

Answer 73

cell divides it's copied DNA and cytplasm t make two new cells. involves mitosis and cytokinesis.

Question 74

what happens in the G0 phase (quiescence)?

Answer 74

inactivity