mitosis Flashcards
What is genetics
the passing on of traits from parents to offsprings
Where do organisms store genetic material in?
Chromosomes
What molecule do chromosomes contain?
deoxribonucleic acid (DNA)
How many chromosomes do we have in tototal (healthy person)
46
Where are chromosomes found
found in the nucleus in eukaryotes
chromosomes come in 2 copies, what is it called?
diploid
what does haploid mean
cell that has half the normal number of chromosomes
what are polyploids
cells of organisms that contain 3 or more copies of chromosomes
do mitochondria and chloroplast also contain small amount of their own DNA?
YES
Explain the asexual reproduction of Mitosis? and example
offspring from one parent genetically identical to its parent
binary fission
fragmentation
vegetative propagation
What is an advantage and disadvantage of asexual reproduction of Mitosis?
Advantage: Do not need to find a mate (easier)
Disadvantage: invariable offspring, if the environment changes, individuals may no longer be well adapted
Explain the sexual reproduction of Mitosis?
production of offspring from2 sex cells, genetically different from parents
what is an advantage and disadvantage of sexual reproduction or Mitosis?
advantage: offsprings are not identical to parents
disadvantage: need to find a mate (more effort)
What is the cell cycle comprised of?
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
during interphase, the chromosomes exist as ____?
Chromatin (stringy mass)
which phase is Each chromosome duplicated in? and how is it attached to sister chromatid ?
interphase
attached with a centromere to sister chromatid
are cells actively dividing during interphase
No
what happens during S phase of interphase
cell is not dividing
Chromosome/DNA replication
Results in sister chromatid attached with centromere
