Mitochondria Flashcards
Where are mitochondria typically located in large numbers
In high-energy cells. Like striated muscle cells, nerve cells and cells that require fluid and electrolyte transport.
What are two cellular functions of mitochondria?
Produce ATP and regulate concentrations of ions,namely calcium, in the cytoplasm.
Name the two spaces and two membranes in mitochondria
The spaces are the matrix and the inter membrane space.
The two membranes are the inner and outer membrane.
Name six ways mitochondria can be damaged?
Anoxia, drugs, toxins, reactive oxygen that hurts DNA, protein misfolding, and trophic factors.
How does ischemic injury lead to mitochondrial and bioenergetics problems
Ischemic injury leads to a lack of oxygen in the cell and mitochondria.
This leads to a lack of ATP production.
ATP is used in a variety of ways in cells, namely sodium potassium pumps.
What happens to a cell when the ionic balance is altered, namely when the sodium potassium pump is inhibited by a lack of ATP production in mitochondria
When ions, like sodium, are not transported correctly across the cell due to a lack of ATP, the influx of water flows into the cell and causes the cell to swell.
This is known as hydropic change.
