Amino Acid Synthesis Flashcards
What are ketogenic amino acids?
They are amino acids that degraded to acetyl coA.
What is a glucogenic amino acids?
They are amino acids that are degraded to intermediates of the TCA cycle or glycolysis.
They are used for gluconeogensis during fasting.
Name the 10 essential amino acids?
Arginine, histidine, methionine, threonine, valine, leucine, lysine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan
FILM TV WHKR
Which three amino acids can be synthesized from glutamate?
GAP
glutamine, arginine, proline
Aspartate is derived from which TCA cycle intermediate? What amino acid is derived from aspartate?
Aspartate can be made from oxaloacetate.
Asparagine is derived from aspartate.
Think urea cycle!
Pyruvate and which amino acids create alanine? What is another by product of this reaction?
Pyruvate and glutamate–>alanine and alpha ketoglutarate
Which amino acids are derived from serine? Where is serine derived from?
Glycine and cysteine.
Serine comes from 3-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis.
Where is glutamate derived from?
Alpha ketoglutarate
Name the reactants and products during aspartate synthesis?
Glutamate and oxaloacetate –> aspartate and alpha ketoglutarate.
Name the reactants and products for glutamate synthesis? What does the reverse reaction create?
Alpha ketoglutarate and aspartate–> glutamate and oxaloacetate.
Reverse reaction of aspartate synthesis!
Name the products and reactants for asparagine synthesis?
Does this require energy?
Aspartate and glutamine–>asparagine and glutamate. Yes ATP is required.
Aate-Gine–>Aine-Gate
Glutamate and ATP make which amino acid?
Glutamine
GAP!
This is how ammonium is detoxified in the brain.
What is the starting amino acid for proline synthesis?
Glutamate
GAP!
Arginine is created in the urea cycle from what starting amino acid.
GAP!
glutamate.
What amino acid is tyrosine derived from? Is tyrosine considered an essential amino acid? Why or why not?
Phenylalanine.
No it is not an essential amino acid, because it is derived from another amino acid even through the body can’t create ring structures.
