Miss Cheema- Theory Flashcards
What is Giles’ theory?
Convergence-Speaking in a way to match people’s dialect, mannerisms and tone so they accept you
Divergence-Speaking to diverge from other people’s mannerisms, tone and dialect for whatever reason
What are Iconic Symbols?
Symbols that are well known- collective knowledge of meaning and representation- schema
What is Schema?
Everything we bring from our personal experiences to that word
What is a presupposition?
What the speaker assumes and is known by the reader e.g. ‘Boris Johnson has undercooked his Covid Plan’
What are the three types of deixis
1) -Person deixis (nouns and personal pronouns)
2) -Spatial deixis (adverbs of place e.g. ‘Have’ and ‘There)
3) -Temporal deixis (adverbs of time such as ‘today, yesterday and tomorrow)
What is deixis?
Deictic words are words that are context-based- their meaning depends on who is using them, where they’re using them and when they’re using them
Who made the politeness theory?
Brown and Levinson- 1975
Positive and Negative face needs
Positive Face Need; Universal human need to feel valued
Negative Face Need; Universal human need to feel independent and not imposed on
What is a super maxim?
Being polite by being mindful of other’ personal or face needs
What is intonation?
The way you say words can make them mean different things
What are the four conversational maxims?
Maxim of quantity- Do not say little or too much
Maxim of quality- Speak the truth
Maxim of relevance- Keep what is discussed relevant to topic
Maxim of manner- Be clear and avoid ambiguity
What are implicatives?
Implied meanings that listeners were intended to infer from speakers’ comments
What are the speech acts and who made them?
Austin and Searle made the Speech Acts
Locutionary Act-Saying something with certain meaning- saying what you actually want e.g. I really want a cup of tea
Illocutionary Act- Performance of an act in saying something. The illocutionary force is the speaker’s intent e.g. ‘It’s quite cold in here’
Perlocutionary Act- Speech acts that have effect on feelings, thoughts or actions of either speaker or listeners- they seek to change minds
What is audience positioning?
Concerns the way a text is able to act to ‘mould’ or ‘shape’ its audience towards an interpretation to make the text achieve its purpose
What is Audience Address?
The way a text ‘addresses’ or ‘speaks to’ its audience. Refers to choices of
