Misleading Information on Accuracy of EWT Flashcards
1
Q
Which are the two types of misleading information?
A
- Leading Questions
- Post-Event Discussion
2
Q
Who studied the effect of leading questions on accuracy of EWT?
A
Loftus and Palmer
3
Q
What was Loftus and Palmer’s procedure?
A
- Pps shown a video of a car accident and given a questionnaire on the results
- Different participants were asked the question “How fast were the cars going when they…” followed by one of 5 verbs
- Participants asked a leading question - “Did you see THE broken glass?” (implying that there was broken glass, even though there wasn’t)
4
Q
Which verbs were used?
A
Smashed, Collided, Contacted, Hit and Bumped
5
Q
What were the findings of Loftus and Palmer’s study?
A
- Pps who had the verb ‘smashed’ judged the speed of the cars as faster and were 2x as likely to say that there was broken glass (compared to very ‘hit’)
6
Q
What is the effect of leading questions on EWT?
A
- People are likely to reconstruct their memory
- Inaccurate testimony of what they saw
7
Q
Who studied effects of Post Event Discussion on accuracy of EWT?
A
Gabbert
8
Q
What was Gabbert’s procedure?
A
- Pps put into pairs and shown a video of a crime but from a different POV
- Each participant could see elements of the video that the other could not (E.G. title of the book)
- Both pps discussed the event together and then recalled what they saw separately
- There was a control group who did not discuss
9
Q
What were Gabbert’s findings?
A
- 71% of participants recalled an event which they had not actually seen in the video
- 0% of the control group recalled something they had not seen
10
Q
What did Gabbert conclude?
A
Witnesses often go along with others either to win social approval or because they believe other witnesses are right ot wrong. They call this phenomena MEMORY CONFORMITY
