Explanations for Forgetting

Question 1

What are the two explanations of forgetting?

Answer 1

• Interference
• Retrieval Failure

Question 2

What are the two types of interference?

Answer 2

• Proactive interference
• Retroactive Interference

Question 3

Explain proactive interference

Answer 3

Forgetting occurs when old memories interfere with new memories

Question 4

Explain retroactive interference

Answer 4

Forgetting occurs when new memories interfere with old memories

Question 5

What increases degree of forgetting for both types of interference?

Answer 5

Similar memories

Question 6

What is retrieval failure?

Answer 6

A form of forgetting which occurs when there is an absence of cues - the memory is still available but not accessible unless a suitable cue is provided

Question 7

Which principle did Tulving create?

Answer 7

The Encoding-Specificity Principle

Question 8

What does the encoding-specificity principle state?

Answer 8

For cues to help us remember info, they must be present at the time of encoding (when we learn material) and at retrieval (when we forget material)

Question 9

What are the two types of forgetting?

Answer 9

• Context-Dependent
• State-Dependent

Question 10

What is context-dependent forgetting?

Answer 10

• External cues which recreate the context of where we were at the time of encoding
• Godden+Baddeley
• Scuba Diving

Question 11

What is state-dependent forgetting?

Answer 11

• Internal cues which recreate the state of mind (how we felt) during time of encoding
• Carter and Cassidy
• Ant-Histimine