misleading information Flashcards
what two factors affect the accuracy of eyewitness testimonies
leading questions and post event discussion
what was the aim of Loftus and Palmer study?
to see how leading questions influence of eyewitnesses memory
what was the procedure of Loftus and Palmer study?
they collected a sample of 45 American students and divide them into five groups all of the students watch the video of a car crash and what are specific questions about the speed of the cars. 
what five verbs did Loftus and Palmer manipulate when asking the leading questions?
smashed collided bumped hit contacted
what were the findings of Loftus and Palmer study
participants who were given the verb smashed reported an average speed of 40 mph however participants who were given the verb contacted had an average speed of 30 mph
why do leading questions affect eyewitness testimonies?
response bias and substitution
what is the difference between substitution and response bias?
response bias is when witnesses are encouraged to report answers in a particular manner where it substitution is when eyewitnesses memory of an event is altered due to the wording of a question
what was the procedure in part two of Loftus and Palmer study?
in a different sample of 150 American students divided into three groups Loftus and Palmer had then watch a one minute video of a car accident and were given a questionnaire to complete. A week later the participants returned and were asked a series of questions regarding the accident
in part two of Loftus and Palmer study what was the critical question they asked?
did you see any broken glass even though there was no broken glass
what were the findings of part two of Loftus and Palmer study?
32% of participants who were previously questioned and given the verb smashed reported seeing broken glass where is 14% of participants who were given the verb hit saw broken glass
Who investigated the affects of post event discussion on the accuracy of eyewitness testimonies?
Gabbert
what was the procedure of Gabbart study?
he had a sample of 60 students and 60 older adults who also a video of a girl stealing money from different perspectives. not all participants for the girls still money but were all told that they watch the same video
what were the findings of gabberts study?
71% of witnesses in the co witness group record information they had not actually seen
