Miscellaneous ortho conditions

Question 1

An animal presents with an acute onset shifting lameness. What is the most likely cause?

Answer 1

Panosteitis
‘Growing pains’
Often FLs and ulna most affected

Question 2

Panosteitis is an acute onset disease with no history of trauma. It has altered radio density in the medullary cavity on radiography. How is it treated?

Answer 2

Self-limiting

Exercise management and analgesia

Question 3

What dogs are predisposed to metaphyseal osteopathy?

Answer 3

Young, rapidly growing puppies (2-6 months)

Medium/large breed dogs - inherited in Weimaraners

Question 4

Metaphyseal osteopathy clinical signs vary from mild lameness to severe collapse with pyrexia, anorexia, depression and swollen metaphyses. What may be seen on radiography?

Answer 4

Increased radio density immediately adjacent to metaphysis
Radiolucent line parallel to metaphysis
May have widened growth plates

Question 5

What is the treatment and prognosis for metaphyseal osteopathy?

Answer 5

Supportive care - analgesia
Good px in mild cases, but severe cases have chance of euthanasia due to clinical signs
May get angular limb deformities

Question 6

A 5 month old WHWT presents with a non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic proliferation of the jaw. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 6

Craniomandibular osteopathy

Question 7

Craniomandibular osteopathy is common in young terriers (inherited) and causes bilateral radiographic changes. What is the treatment and prognosis?

Answer 7

Supportive care - analgesia/steroids?

Usually self-limiting at around 1 year but may require euthanasia

Question 8

What is the feline ortho condition similar to Legg-Calve-Perthe’s in dogs?

Answer 8

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 9

What cats are predisposed to slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Answer 9

Overweight
Neutered males (delayed physeal closure due to castration)
Siamese

Question 10

What is the treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis in cats?

Answer 10

FHNE or THR

Question 11

Marie’s disease or hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy is caused by…

Answer 11

Paraneoplastic syndrome - secondary to thoracic/abdominal neoplasia
Or neural mediated

Question 12

Marie’s disease/hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy is linked to which non-neoplastic condition?

Answer 12

Pyometra

Question 13

What is the treatment for Maries’ disease/hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy?

Answer 13

Treat underlying cause (tumour, neural mediated or pyometra)

Symptomatic

Question 14

Bone cysts are fluid filled cavities and may be simple unicameral, aneurysmal or subchondral. How can they be treated?

Answer 14

If asymptomatic, re-image and leave
May be drained surgically, excised, or amputated
Can do radiotherapy

Question 15

Young puppies 6-8 weeks may get contracture of the flexor carpi ulnas muscle. Is this reversible? How is treated?

Answer 15

Reversible

Usually spontaneous recurrence after few weeks - can use carpal supports, rarely require tendonectomy

Question 16

What is nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 16

Excess bone resoprtion causing osteopenia

Due to diet high in P or low in Ca

Question 17

How is nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism treated?

Answer 17

Rest
Correct diet and supplement calcium
NSAIDs

Question 18

What is the treatment for polyarthritis?

Answer 18

Immunosuppressive drugs - steroids

Treat underlying cause

Question 19

What can cause polyarthritis?

Answer 19

System lupus erythematosus
Idiopathic
Immune mediated

Question 20

Osteomyelitis may occur following surgery or trauma. What is the treatment for osteomyelitis?

Answer 20

4-6 weeks antibiotic therapy

Analgesia

Question 21

An animal has a positive cranial draw test in flexion and a negative cranial draw test in extension. What is your diagnosis?

Answer 21

Partial tear of cranial cruciate ligament - craniomedial band only