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Orthopaedics (SA) > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Elbow dysplasia is common in what size and breed of dogs?

A

Medium-large dogs

Labs, Rottweilers, Bernese mountain dog

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2
Q

Elbow dysplasia is an umbrella term covering 4 disease entities. What are they?

A

Fragmentation of medial aspect of coronoid process
OCD of medial humeral condyle
Ununited anconeal process
Elbow incongruity

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3
Q

What is elbow incongruency?

A

Incompatible bone lengths due to premature closure of growth plates
Causes short radius or short ulna

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4
Q

Which is more common in elbow incongruency - short ulnar or short radius?

A

Short ulnar

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5
Q

How is elbow incongruency treated?

A

Osteotomies

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6
Q

Medial coronoid disease can be due to genetics nutrition or biomechanics and may also be due to incongruency. Which sex is predisposed?

A

Males

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7
Q

Medial coronoid diseases requires what for diagnosis? Why?

A

CT

Requires cross sectional view to see fragment as superimposed

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8
Q

Medial coronoid disease can be treated by many surgeries or conservatively. give examples of conservative management

A 
Analgesia
Nutraceuticals
weight control
Hydro/physiotherapy
Controlled xercise
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9
Q

Give examples of surgical salvage procedures for medial coronoid disease

A

Total elbow replacement

Elbow arthrodesis

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10
Q

What clinical signs are seen with OCD of the humeral condyle?

A

Lameness

Joint effusions

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11
Q

How is OCD of the humeral head treated?

A

Surgery - cartilage flap removal and debridement of subchondral bone
Other surgeries available

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12
Q

Ununited anconeal processes are usually unilateral. What breeds and sex are predisposed?

A 
Males
Bassett Hounds
GSD
Bernese Mountain Dogs
Mastiffs
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13
Q

What is the treatment for ununited anconeal process?

A

Conservative if mild lameness and smaller breed

Surgical pin/anconeal process reattachment surgery, may require removal of anconeal if treatment failing

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14
Q

Joint effusions are seen with both OCD and ununited anconeal processes. Which one produces the larger effusion?

A

Ununited anconeal process

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15
Q

Which breeds are over-represented for incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle, humeral intercondylar fissures and humeral condylar fractures?

A

English Springer spaniel

French bulldog

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16
Q

Humeral intercondylar fissures may be detected in both joints. How are they treated?

A

Transcondylar screw (if without fracture)

Orthopaedics (SA) (10 decks)

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