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BACTERIOLOGY > MISCELLANEOUS GRAM – NEGATIVE BACILLI > Flashcards

MISCELLANEOUS GRAM – NEGATIVE BACILLI Flashcards

1
Q

2 important species under genus Pasteurella

A
  • P multocida and P. canis
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2
Q

General characteristics of P multocida and P. canis

A
  • animal pathogen
  • commensal in oropharynx of health animals
  • can infect human thru bite, scratches, or shared food
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3
Q

These organisms are the most common organism in human wounds inflicted by bites from cats and dogs

A
  • Pasteurella spp.

specifically P multocida and P. canis

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4
Q

Three general form of disease caused by Pasteurella

A
  • Localized cellulitis and regional lymphadenopathy after animal bite or scratch
  • Exacerbation of chronic respiratory tract disease in px w/ underlying pulmonary dysfunction (e.g. asthma)
  • Systemic infection in immunocompromised px
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5
Q

Lab diagnosis for Pasteurella

A
  • Grows well on BAP & CAP

- Large “BUTTERY” colonies with MUSTY odor

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6
Q

Treatment for Pasteurella

A
  • Susceptible to penicillin, macrolides, and tetracycline
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7
Q

Morphological characteristic of Bordetella

A
  • extremely small coccobacilli
  • simple nutritional requirement
  • they are very sensitive and susceptiple to even the slightest toxic substances
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8
Q

These can used to remove toxic substances in culture media when isolating Bordetella

A
  • charcoal, starch, blood, or albumin to absorb toxic substances
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9
Q

4 medically important spp. of Bordetella

A
  • B. pertussis
  • B. parapertussis
  • B. Bronchiseptica
  • B. holmessii

are closely related, differing only in the expression of irulence genes

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10
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the” WHOPPING COUGH” / severe cough disease

A
  • B. pertussis
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11
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the midl form of pertussis

A
  • B. parapertussis
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12
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the respiratory disease of animals (pigs and dogs)

A
  • B. bronchiseptica
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13
Q

Bordetella spp that is an uncommon cause of SEPSIS

A
  • B. holmesii
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14
Q

Bordetella is very contagious since it is an ____________ acquired infection

A
  • AEROSOL
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15
Q

These aids to the bacterial attachement of most bacteria to the cilliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract

A

-ADHESINS

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16
Q

RGD motif is a tripeptide amino acid composed of

A
  • Arginine, Glycine and aspartate

responsible for cellular attachement of bacteria

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17
Q

4 bacterial ADHESINS of Bordetella Pertussis

A
  • Filamentous hemagglutinin
  • Pertactin
  • Pertussis toxin
  • Fimbria
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18
Q

B. pertussis toxin that binds lactosylceramide on ciliated respiratory cells

A

S2

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19
Q

B.pertussis toxin: toxic subunit

A

S1

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20
Q

B. pertussis toxin that binds phagocytic cells

A

S3

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21
Q

Adhesin of bordetella that mediate binding in viitro

A

Fimbria

22
Q

Charcoal is a common additive in Regan-Lowe medium for B. pertussis , what is it for?

Color reactant
Nutrional additive
Toxin removal
Hemolysin source

A
  • Toxin removal

along with starch, blood, or albumin

23
Q

What is the best specimen for isolation of B, pertussis?

blood
urine
bronchoalveolar lavage
nasopharyngeal swab
sputum
A
  • nasopharyngeal swab
24
Q

The most infectious phase of the B. pertussis infection. *

Catarrhal
Convalescent
Paroxysmal
Incubation

A
  • Catarrhal
25
Q

TRACHEAL CYTOTOXIN mode of action

A
  • target ciliated epithelial cells
  • impair regeneration of damaged cells by interfering DNA synthesis (disrupt clearance mechanism thus lead to cough)
  • IL-1 production (lead to fever)
26
Q

ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN / HEMOLYSIN mode of action

A
  • activated by CALMODULIN and converse ATP to cAMP , increase respiratory secretion
  • inhibit leukocyte function
27
Q

DERMONECROTIC TOXIN mode of action

A
  • vasoconstriction and tissue destruction
28
Q

3 phases of B.pertussis infection

A
  • Catarrhal
  • Paroxysmal
  • Convalescent
29
Q

Clinical manifestations of Catarrhal phase

A
  • resembles common cold
  • classic symptoms
    e. g., sneezing, malaise, low-grade fever
  • the MOST INFECTIOUS phase
30
Q

Clinical manifestations of Paroxysmal phase

A
  • series of REPETITIVE COUGH followed by inspiratory WHOOP, vomitting and exhaustion
31
Q

Clinical manifestations of Convalescent phase

A
  • pparoxysms diminished w/ secondary complications
32
Q

Pentavalent vaccine is composed of

A

Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus,hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines

33
Q

Differential Diagnosis for B. pertussis

A
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  • Chlamydopphilia pneumoniae
  • Legionella pneumophila
34
Q

Lab Diagnosis for B. pertussis

A
  • sensitive to drying
  • inoculate NASOPHARYNGEAL ASPIRATE
  • use synthetic fiber sabs not cotton swabs
  • fatty acid are toxic to Bp
35
Q

Specific media for B. pertussis

A

Regan- Lowe charcoal medium

composed of charcoal, horse blood, glycerol and peptones

36
Q

Zoonotic pathogens and potential agents of bioterrorism

A

Francisella & Brucella

37
Q

Francisella is what type of proteobacteria

A

Gamma- proteobacteria

38
Q

Brucella is what type of proteobacteria

A

Alpha- proteobacteria

39
Q

Papthogenecity of Francisella

A
  • contains anti-phaogytic capsule
  • survive for prolonged period inside macrophages
  • inhibits phagosome- lysosome fusion
  • obligate intracellular parasite (can grow only inside cell)
40
Q

Francisella tularensis is transmitted by:

A
  • acquired thru Tick bites

ticks are natural reservoirs of these organism

41
Q

Which zoonotic bacteria is commonly isolated in dog and cat infections? *

F. tularensis
P. multocida
L. pneumophila
T. gondii

A

P. multocida or P. canis

42
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about F. tularensis? *

obligate aerobic and motile
transmitted via deer flies and tciks
requires growth factors like cysteine and thiosulfate
virulence factor is capsule

A
  • obligate aerobic and motile
43
Q

Clinical disease caused by Francisella tularensis

A
  • TULAREMIA / Rabbit or Tick fever
44
Q

F. tularensis growth requirement in culture medium

A
  • not possible on gram- staining
  • produce B-LACTAMASE
  • won’t grow without CYSTEINE
  • use CAP or buffered charcoal yeast extract
45
Q

Francisella has a croos-reactivity reaction with what organism

A

BRUCELLA

46
Q

Treatment for Francisella

A
  • Penicillin and cephalosporins are Ineffective ( they produce b-lactamase)
  • Streptomycin and gentamicin are effective
47
Q

4 spp of Genus Brucella

A
  • B. melitensis - goat and sheep
  • B.suis - swine reindeer, caribou
  • B. abortus - cattle, bison
  • B. canis - dog, fox, coyotes
48
Q

General characteristics of Brucella spp.

A
  • SMOOTH COLONIES with virulence
  • Obligate intracellular parasite
  • inhibit phagolysosome fusion
  • bacteria secrestes protein that induce GRANULOMA formation
49
Q

This is necessary for the growth Brucella and is often found on animal tissues

A
  • ERYTHRITOL
50
Q

Clinical disease caused by Brucella

A
  • Brucellosis/ BANGS disease/ UNDULANT fever/ MALTA fever/ ROCK fever

BACTERIOLOGY (15 decks)

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