Cell wall deficient- MYCOPLASMA & UREAPLASMA bacteria

Question 1

General Characteristic:

Mycoplasmas

Answer 1

• small cell size and small genome size
• requires STEROLS for membrane functions and growth
• are mostly aerobic and have fastidious growth req.
• lacks cell wall
• commensal
• immunologically mediated
• are susceptible to drying

Question 2

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma that commonly infects human belongs to what family

Answer 2

• Mycoplasmataceae

Question 3

Which of the following speaks about Mycoplasma? (2 answers) *

usually considered as commensals
requires LPS for for membrane function and growth
most are aerobic and have fastidious growth requirements (with few exceptions)
M. genitalium is almost always associated with HIV

Answer 3

• usually considered as commensals

- most are aerobic and have fastidious growth requirements (with few exceptions)

Question 4

3 spp of mycolasma and ureaplasma with well established role in human infections

Answer 4

Isolated from:

Respiratory tract:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Genitourinary tract

- Mycoplasma hominis
- Ureaplasma urealyticum

Question 5

In general the 3 mycoplasma spp does not persist at the age of ____, and adult colonization of these organisms occurs as a result of __________.

Answer 5

• 2 yrs old

- sexual contact

Question 6

How do infants get infected with mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection

Answer 6

• delivery through a colonized birth canal

- they are able to cross placenta

Question 7

A mycoplasma spp. that is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia

Answer 7

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae

can cause extrapulmonary manifestations

Question 8

How is Mycoplasma pneumoniae transmitted

Answer 8

• respiratory droplets

Question 9

Which of the following bacteria resides extracellularly, attaching with great affinity to ciliated and non ciliated epithelial cells?

Mycoplasma suis
Ureaplasma eurealyticum
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Mycoplasma hominis

Answer 9

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 10

Of these are mycoplasmas associated with HIV, except

Mycoplasma penetrans
Mycoplasma pirum
Mycoplasma fermentans
Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplsama lipohilum
Mycoplasma, spermatophilum

Answer 10

Mycoplsama lipohilum

Mycoplasma, spermatophilum

Question 11

What species is the etiologic agent of walking pneumonia?

Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 11

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 12

Clinical Manifestations:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 12

UPPER Respiratory tract infection in young children,
- runny nose

LOWER Respirtory tract infection in
adults

 - nonproductive cough

Question 13

Clinical Manifestations:

Genital Mycoplamas:
U. urealyticum
M. hominis

Answer 13

Systemic infection in Neonates: Meningitis,
Abscess and pneumonia.

Invasive disease in immunosuppressed patients: Bacteremia, arthritis, particularly in patients with agammaglobulinemia),

Question 14

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are usually self-limited. *

True
False

Answer 14

• True

Question 15

Blood culture of genital mycoplasma should be collected without
_______ and immediately inoculated into an appropriate BROTHculture
medium

Answer 15

ANTICOAGULANTS/ in RED TOP (Serum)

Question 16

A test that holds greatest means for being higly sensitive mycoplasma directly in clinical specimen

Answer 16

PCR

Question 17

Culture media for:

MYCOPLASMA ISOLATION

Answer 17

The media must be SELECTIVE to prevent overgrowth of fast-growing
organisms that may be present in a clinical sample.

• Beef or soybean protein w/ serum
• Fresh yeast extract

Question 18

These nutrients are necessary in culturing of Mycoplasma spp.

Answer 18

M. pneumoniae
- Glucose/ Dextrose

U. urealyticum and M. hominis
- Urea and/or Arginine

Question 19

Mycoplasma pnuemoniae is capable of fermenting ______ to lactic acid and the resulting pH change is deteced by a ______ in color indicator

Answer 19

• glucose to lactic acid
• color change

yellow color in the medium is indicative of a positive carbohydrate fermentation reaction

Question 20

If an organism is capable of fermenting the sugar glucose, then _____ byproducts are formed and the pH indicator turns _______

Answer 20

ACIDIC; YELLOW

Question 21

How do we provide quantitative information regarding the numbers of genital Mycoplasmas in clinical specimen

Answer 21

• quantitation of specimen taken at different stages during urination or prosthetic massage

Question 22

Culture media:

Ureaplasma urealyticum

Answer 22

• SP-4 glucose broth with arginines,

- SP-4 glucose broth with ureal

Question 23

Culture media:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 23

• Biphasic SP – 4
• PPLO broth or agaw with yeast
  extract and hose serum

Question 24

Morphological characteristic:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 24

• spherical
• grainy yellowish forms w/ thin outer layer
• examined under HPO every 24- 72 hrs.

Question 25

What is the reason behind why glucose is incorporated in the media for M. pneumoniae? *

M. pneumoniae ferments glucose to lactic acid
A change in pH means change in color
Both of the choices
None of the choices

Answer 25

Both of the choices

Question 26

The most widely used method for the M. pneumoniae

ELISA
PCR
EIA
RFLP

Answer 26

PCR

Question 27

Which of the following bacterial agent has a morphologic characteristic known as “fried egg” appearance?

U. urealyticum
M. caviae
M. hominis
C. burnetti

Answer 27

M. hominis

Question 28

Definitive identification of M.pneumoniae is done through

Answer 28

• overlaying suspicious of colonies w/ 0.5% guniea pig erythrocytes in phosphare buffered saline solution

Question 29

Definitive identification of U. urealyticum is done through

Answer 29

• identified on A8 agar by
  urease production in the presence of a CALCIUM CHLORIDE indicator.
• appear DARK BROWNISH clumps

Question 30

Morphological characteristic:

M. hominis

Answer 30

• Large “FRIED- EGG” appearance
• urease (-)
• In BAP
  • nonhemoytic
  • PINPOINT colonies
  • do not stain w/ gram stain
  • stains in acridine orange stain