Cell wall deficient- MYCOPLASMA & UREAPLASMA bacteria Flashcards
General Characteristic:
Mycoplasmas
- small cell size and small genome size
- requires STEROLS for membrane functions and growth
- are mostly aerobic and have fastidious growth req.
- lacks cell wall
- commensal
- immunologically mediated
- are susceptible to drying
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma that commonly infects human belongs to what family
- Mycoplasmataceae
Which of the following speaks about Mycoplasma? (2 answers) *
usually considered as commensals
requires LPS for for membrane function and growth
most are aerobic and have fastidious growth requirements (with few exceptions)
M. genitalium is almost always associated with HIV
- usually considered as commensals
- most are aerobic and have fastidious growth requirements (with few exceptions)
3 spp of mycolasma and ureaplasma with well established role in human infections
Isolated from:
Respiratory tract:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Genitourinary tract
- Mycoplasma hominis - Ureaplasma urealyticum
In general the 3 mycoplasma spp does not persist at the age of ____, and adult colonization of these organisms occurs as a result of __________.
- 2 yrs old
- sexual contact
How do infants get infected with mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection
- delivery through a colonized birth canal
- they are able to cross placenta
A mycoplasma spp. that is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
can cause extrapulmonary manifestations
How is Mycoplasma pneumoniae transmitted
- respiratory droplets
Which of the following bacteria resides extracellularly, attaching with great affinity to ciliated and non ciliated epithelial cells?
Mycoplasma suis
Ureaplasma eurealyticum
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Mycoplasma hominis
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Of these are mycoplasmas associated with HIV, except
Mycoplasma penetrans Mycoplasma pirum Mycoplasma fermentans Mycoplasma genitalium Mycoplsama lipohilum Mycoplasma, spermatophilum
Mycoplsama lipohilum
Mycoplasma, spermatophilum
What species is the etiologic agent of walking pneumonia?
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Clinical Manifestations:
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
UPPER Respiratory tract infection in young children,
- runny nose
LOWER Respirtory tract infection in
adults
- nonproductive cough
Clinical Manifestations:
Genital Mycoplamas:
U. urealyticum
M. hominis
Systemic infection in Neonates: Meningitis,
Abscess and pneumonia.
Invasive disease in immunosuppressed patients: Bacteremia, arthritis, particularly in patients with agammaglobulinemia),
Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are usually self-limited. *
True
False
- True
Blood culture of genital mycoplasma should be collected without
_______ and immediately inoculated into an appropriate BROTHculture
medium
ANTICOAGULANTS/ in RED TOP (Serum)
A test that holds greatest means for being higly sensitive mycoplasma directly in clinical specimen
PCR
Culture media for:
MYCOPLASMA ISOLATION
The media must be SELECTIVE to prevent overgrowth of fast-growing
organisms that may be present in a clinical sample.
- Beef or soybean protein w/ serum
- Fresh yeast extract
These nutrients are necessary in culturing of Mycoplasma spp.
M. pneumoniae
- Glucose/ Dextrose
U. urealyticum and M. hominis
- Urea and/or Arginine
Mycoplasma pnuemoniae is capable of fermenting ______ to lactic acid and the resulting pH change is deteced by a ______ in color indicator
- glucose to lactic acid
- color change
yellow color in the medium is indicative of a positive carbohydrate fermentation reaction
If an organism is capable of fermenting the sugar glucose, then _____ byproducts are formed and the pH indicator turns _______
ACIDIC; YELLOW
How do we provide quantitative information regarding the numbers of genital Mycoplasmas in clinical specimen
- quantitation of specimen taken at different stages during urination or prosthetic massage
Culture media:
Ureaplasma urealyticum
- SP-4 glucose broth with arginines,
- SP-4 glucose broth with ureal
Culture media:
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Biphasic SP – 4
- PPLO broth or agaw with yeast
extract and hose serum
Morphological characteristic:
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- spherical
- grainy yellowish forms w/ thin outer layer
- examined under HPO every 24- 72 hrs.
What is the reason behind why glucose is incorporated in the media for M. pneumoniae? *
M. pneumoniae ferments glucose to lactic acid
A change in pH means change in color
Both of the choices
None of the choices
Both of the choices
The most widely used method for the M. pneumoniae
ELISA
PCR
EIA
RFLP
PCR
Which of the following bacterial agent has a morphologic characteristic known as “fried egg” appearance?
U. urealyticum
M. caviae
M. hominis
C. burnetti
M. hominis
Definitive identification of M.pneumoniae is done through
- overlaying suspicious of colonies w/ 0.5% guniea pig erythrocytes in phosphare buffered saline solution
Definitive identification of U. urealyticum is done through
- identified on A8 agar by
urease production in the presence of a CALCIUM CHLORIDE indicator. - appear DARK BROWNISH clumps
Morphological characteristic:
M. hominis
- Large “FRIED- EGG” appearance
- urease (-)
- In BAP
- nonhemoytic
- PINPOINT colonies
- do not stain w/ gram stain
- stains in acridine orange stain
