Miscellaneous Cardiac Flashcards
Nitroglycerin indications:
Angina CHF MI pulm HTN HTN emergency / urgency
NTG MOA
NTG –> nitric oxide within vascular smooth muscle –> cGMP activation –> vasodilation
How does NTG effect pre-load and venous return?
decreases pre load and venous return
How does NTG effect O2 in the heart?
increases O2 supply by direct coronary vasodilation
What limits NTG efficacy?
tolearnace, it requires a 10-12 hour nitrate-free interval for re-generation of SH groups
Side effects of NTG?
dizziness
facial flushing
headavhe
Why give IV NTG?
rapid effects, but caution because adheres to plastic
What is DOC for relief from acute angina attacks?
sublingual NTG tablets
tablet, wait, if no relief then tablet & call 911
How do you know it NTG SL is expired?
NOT stinging with placement
only potent for 6-12 months
What are other forms of NTG?
aerosol spray
buccal tablets
ointment
transdermal
Extended NTG release is indicated for who?
CHF pts to decrease BP, but not drug of choice. Slow on/slow off so not for angina
How were erectile dysfunction drugs discovered?
for HTN, so caution with these drugs and NTG because patient can bottom out from hypotension
Can transdermal patches be cut in half?
of course not
Caution with transdermal patches and what?
electroconversion – coated in aluminum foil so 2nd or 3rd degree burns
Digoxin is the opposite of what?
Verapamil (CCB)
