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Pharmacology 2 > Calcium Channel Blockers > Flashcards

Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

Primary use of CCB?

A
  • Angina - Selected arrhythmias - Hypertension
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2
Q

What happens if Ca entry into the cells is blocked?

A

No contraction of vasculature

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3
Q

What type of channel is sensitive to CCB?

A

L-type

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4
Q

CCB ADME?

A

well absorbed, hepatically metabolized

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5
Q

How does CCB for myocardium work?

A

Decrease BP, negative chronotropy, negative inotropy (so not good for CHF patients)

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6
Q

How does CCB for vasculature work?

A

Decrease BP, vasodilate (no effect on HR/contractility)

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7
Q

How does Verapamil work?

A

Prolongs AV node conduction, so MYOCARDIUM CCB

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8
Q

Use Verapamil cautiously in patients with _____

A

Bradycardia

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9
Q

Verapamil adverse reactions?

A

Hypotension Peripheral Edema Constipation **

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10
Q

How is Verapamil administered? Dosage?

A

IV for arrhythmias Immediate Release 80-120 mg PO TID or Covera HS qHS (circadian dosing, take with food!)

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11
Q

When is BP & HR highest?

A

early morning, 5-7am

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12
Q

Diltiazem effects?

A

Vasculature and myocardium, Antiarrhythmic agent that prolongs AV conduction

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13
Q

How is Diltiazem administered?

A

Injectable dosage to treat atrial fibrillation

Or PO

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14
Q

Diltiazem adverse effects? (4)

A

Bradycardia, Rare AV block, Peripheral edema, Flushing

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15
Q

Diltizaem dosages?

A

IR 30mg PO QID (start pt on this) SR 120-128 mg PO QD gradually increase dose over 1-2 days until desired response is achieved MAX DOSE 240-360mg/day

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16
Q

Cardizem SR and CD Capsules?

A

60-120 mg PO BID (sustained release) 180-240 mg PO QS (continuous dose)

Start patient on immediate release (short acting) cause if you screw it up it goes away

17
Q

Nifedipine works how?

A

prevents coronary smooth muscle vasoconstriction and reduces oxygen demand Works on VASCULATURE

18
Q

Nifedipine adverse effects?

A

Flushing/rash, Peripheral Edema, Dizziness, Gingival hyperplasia (also in anticonvulsants)

19
Q

Other uses for Nifedipine?

A

migrane prophylaxis, achalasia (too much LES tone), Raynaud’s

20
Q

Amlodipine usage? Adverse effects?

A

Vasculature, peripheral edema, flushing BEST FOR CHF PATIENTS much lower incidence of negative inotropic effects

21
Q

What CCB is used in stroke patients?

A

Nimodipine (cerebral vasodilator) give after stroke

22
Q

Which CCB result in non-cardiogenic peripheral edema? which in cariogenic?

A

Noncardiogenic- nifedipine, amlodipine

Cardiogenic- verapamil, diltiazem (decrease heart function, heart probably failing if edema present)

23
Q

LOOK AT DIAGRAM

A
24
Q

what drug to treat atrial fibrillation?

A

Diltiazem

Pharmacology 2 (8 decks)

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