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Computer Science > Miscellaneous > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a search engine

A

a SOFTWARE PROGRAM WHICH SEAERCHES A DATABASE OF OINTERNET ADRESSES TO LOCATE RESOIRCES SEARCHED FOR BY CLIENT CRITERIA

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2
Q

hOW IS A PROGRAMMKNG LANGUAGE USED IN DECLARITIV LANGUIAGES

A

dETERMINE how to acheiive result best way whilst abstraction details of the process from the user

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3
Q

2 pros of static linkers

A

Kess compatibility issues as updates to modules/libraries will not affect program and specific versions of modules and libraries can be used

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4
Q

3 uses of client side processing

A

Initial data validation
Web page interactivity
offline web

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5
Q

second normal for m

A

No partial dependencies so has to rely on all of primary key

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6
Q

third normal form

A

No non key dependencies

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7
Q

What is consitency

A
  • A transaction must maintain the referential integrity rules between linked tables

Database consistency ensures that a database remains in a valid state before and after any transaction. This means that any data written to the database must adhere to all predefined rules, constraints, and relationships

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8
Q

Space for merge

A

n

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9
Q

space for quick

A

log n

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10
Q

time for quick

A

n squared

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11
Q

What is compression

A

The process of making a file smaller/take up less storage

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12
Q

What is an expert system

A

a piece of software which uses databases of expert knowledge to offer advice or make decisions in such areas as medical diagnosis.

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13
Q

Cons of dynamic linkers

A

Your executable file may not run if the libraries are missing, outdated, or corrupted. Second, it degrades the performance of your program, as it introduces the overhead of loading and resolving the library symbols at run time.

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14
Q

What is disk defragmentation

A

a utility that will better organise files on the hard disk so that the operating system can access them more efficiently

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15
Q

what is an overhead

A

any combination of excess or indirect computation time, memory, bandwidth, or other resources that are required to perform a specific task

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16
Q

Difference between get and post requests used for http

A

GET is for fetching data, appending parameters in the URL, ideal for searches. POST, used for updates, sends data securely in the request body, perfect for forms.

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17
Q

When are pages and segments transferred onto main memory

A

When they are needed

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18
Q

How could mameory be changed for instructions and data

A

Instrictions read only and data rea /write, larger word size used to instructions

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19
Q

What is word size

A

the amount of data a CPU’s internal data registers can hold and process at one time

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20
Q

What type of access does RAM offer

A

Direct access

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21
Q

What is 7 DIV 2

A

3

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22
Q

What does breadth first traversal use

A

Queues

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23
Q

What does depth first traversal use

A

Stacks

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24
Q

What is the system stack

A

LIDO data structure in memory

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25
Q

A

A

<a> sss </a>

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26
Q

What do co processors help with

A

Floating point arithmetic and graphics processing

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27
Q

What is referential integrity

A

Ensures the consistency of the data in a database. Generally, you would want to enforce referential integrity in a database.
It requires that, whenever a foreign key value is used it must reference a valid, existing primary key in the parent table

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28
Q

Durability

A

Changes resulting from a transaction are straightaway written back to permanent storage and not held in volatile memory (RAM). You never have to click Save in a database and a sudden power cut won’t mean a transaction is lost.

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29
Q

What is RAM a form of

A

Primary memory and is volatile

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30
Q

What does multi taskign allow

A

Multiple programs to run at same time

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31
Q

What is a firewall

A

A hardware device/piece of software that
monitors (and filters/blocks) traffic/packets going
to and from a network. (

32
Q

Why would a firewall be used

A

Prevent unauthorised access to a network. (1)
To restrict applications that are used internally that
have internet access. (1)
To restrict websites that can be accessed from within
the company. (1)
To protect the company’s data/intellectual property.

33
Q

What else do you need to do when removign node from linked list

A

create a new node but no that is for adding

34
Q

How does compression save money

A

Using less bandwidth or data usage

35
Q

What do hash tables allow

A

Direct access

36
Q

What does RLE rely on

A

Consecutive pieces of data/characters being the same

37
Q

What happens in dictionary encoding

A

Frequently occuring pieces of data/groups of characters are replaced by symbols/tokens a dictionary is then used to say which symbols/tokens mathcn which group of characters

38
Q

How is dictionary decpompressed

A

Dictionary used to replace tokens with original text

39
Q

Remember space

A

Is a character

40
Q

What is RLE suited for

A

simple images not natural language

41
Q

When should you send the key to decrypt something

A

When you want it to be decrpyed

42
Q

What does TEN DAT 10 do

A
  • Stores the value 10 (1)
  • In a memory location (1)
  • Given the label/symbolic address ten (1)
43
Q

What changes value in PC

A

Branching

44
Q

and

A

Outputs it

45
Q

RIGHT SHIFT

A

Moves everything to right so divides by 4 does not move decimal to right

46
Q

What is a hash

A

A result generated by applying an algorithm/numeric
process to a valu

47
Q

What are some AI techniques

A

AI techniques include neural networks, evolutionary computation, Bayesian
networks etc.

48
Q

What is AI the study of

A

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the study of computers displaying intelligent
behaviour (usually characterised by decision making)

49
Q

When could the use of humans be unethical

A

And in the case of certain tasks (e.g. surgery) would make the use of
human workers unethical

50
Q

Difference between ID and class

A

Only one element can have a given id/id is unique.
(1)
Class can be used assigned to multiple
elements/used multiple times. (1)

51
Q

Do you need speech marks in css

A

No

52
Q

Disadvantages of client side example

A
  • Won’t work if JavaScript is disabled. (1)
  • Shows incorrect message if user’s computer’s
    clock is wrong/in different time zone. (1)
  • (Source) code is visible allowing it to be
    copied/modified. (1)
53
Q

Libraries

A

Can have been written in dif language!

54
Q

What do symbol tables in lexical analysis also hold

A

Scope and data type

55
Q

wHAT ELSE DONE in lexical analysis

A

White space and stuff removed

56
Q

Amount of CPU is left idle

A

ok

57
Q

What happens if a swap is made in a bubble sort

A

A flag is set to determine wether another pass needs to be made (if it is flag is reset)

58
Q

Why would chefs use a linked list

A

Orders can be processed in the order they are in the queue
 Orders can be inserted at any place in the list e.g. high priority item
inserted earlier in the list
 Orders can be deleted from any position in the list once they are
complete
 List is dynamic…
 … to allow orders to be added / deleted

59
Q

Concurrent processing what are individual processes

A

Threads and each of them has a life line

60
Q

How does depth first work

A

 Depth-first goes to left child node when it can…
 If there is no left child it goes to the right child
 when there are no child nodes the algorithm ‘visits’ it’ and backtracks to
the parent node.

61
Q

What can be used to represent elements of a problem with abstraction

A

Symbols

62
Q

What is recursion a type of

A

A subroutine

63
Q

Advantage and disad of compilers and interpreters

A

Code needs to be interpreted each time it is run however it is not platform dependant

64
Q

Why do compilers require more memory

A

Generates Object Code which further requires linking, hence requires more memory. whereas interpreters do not generate object code

65
Q

Give two examples of reusable components

A

Objects and functions

66
Q

What is ISR

A

a software routine that hardware invokes in response to an interrup

67
Q

What does a secondary index require

A

Increases data need to be kept consistent

68
Q

Secondary index is not

A

Less accurate

69
Q

Method of capturing temperature

A

Thermistor

70
Q

What is thinking ahead

A

the planning of inputs, ouputs and preconditions that the program will adhear to. By ‘Thinking Ahead

71
Q

What does cashing free

A

Bandwidth on the network for other tasks

72
Q

What is a virtual core

A

A CPU that has separation between two areas of the processor is

73
Q

Are procedural and OOP imperitive or declaritive

A

Imperitive

74
Q

2 specific things about lists

A

sequenced and abstract

75
Q

4c or c1

A

4C

76
Q

header html

A

header not head as different

77
Q
A

Computer Science (33 decks)

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