Miscellaneous Flashcards
Why and How was ERP modified
Removed visualisation as Jason was autistic and found this difficult
How did Ost and Westling recruit ppts
Newspaper advertisements and psychiatric referals
Typical features of ICD
Before committing the act there is a growing tension/inability to resist
During the act the person feels pleasure from acting, and often feel relief from the urge
Afterward the person may or may not feel guilt, regret or blame
How was reduction operationalised? (Grant et al.)
35% reduction in Y-BOCS score for at least 1 month
Abnormality
Deviating from what is normal or usual, typically in way that is undesirable or worrying
Acronym to identify abnormal behaviour
F: failure to function adequately, cannot cope with everyday activities
I: Ideal health model criteria not met e.g. positive self-attitudes, stress resistance
N: Norms of society are violated
S: Statistical deviation from average
Positive Symptoms
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganised thoughts
Define hallucinations
sensory experiences that involve seeing and hearing things that do not exist e.g. voices
Define delusions
The belief individuals hold which are not based on reality e.g. believing everyone is out to harm you
Define disorganised thoughts
This is when thoughts are mixed up and racing, their speech may be jumbled and impossible to understand
Freeman Example of persecutory statement and a neutral statement
Persecutory: Lady sitting down next to me laughed at me when I walked past
Neutral: Getting on with my own business
What else could VR be used for
Treating phobias
Helping with public speaking anxiety
Practitioner and Patient Interpersonal Skills
The abilities one possesses that enables them to effectively communicate with others. These abilities affect the communication between the relationship between the patient and the practitioner. This can include both verbal and non-verbal communication.
McKinstry and Wang examples of dress
Male: White coat over formal suit
Male: Tweed jacket, informal shirt and tie
Male: Denim jeans and open-neck short-sleeved shirt
Female: White coat over skirt and jumper
Female: pink trousers, jumper and gold earrings
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
A condition where a caregiver or spouse fabricates, exaggerates or induces mental/physical problems in those who are in their care. The primary motivation is also gaining attention or sympathy from others.
Adherence
the extent to which a patient’s actions matches the recommendations and treatment regime given to them by a practitioner
Non-adherence
when a patient consciously decides to deviate from the recommended treatment regime against advice e.g. completely stopping taking tablets or reducing the amount taking
Stress
a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances.
Fear Arousal
This is where the health promotion campaign uses a message that causes the public to feel afraid for their health and therefore makes changes in their lives to avoid this feared outcome
High fear presentation
Showed diseased mouths
Explains diseases like cancer and the consequences
Minimal fear arousal
lecture about teeth and cavities, without pictures or consequences.
Cowpe - What was the advert?
A woman who told the dangers of a chip-pans and then, in three simple steps, what to do should a fire break out. However, in her case, she had not followed these steps and had been burned in a chip-pan fire; the advert showed a close-up of her disfigurement.
Schools (Tapper et al.): Strategies
Taste exposure: Exposing children to new food groups with the hope of making them learn to like it as they taste the novel food more and more
Modelling strategy: Involved the use of 4 characters called the ‘Food Dudes’ who would perform desirable behaviour in regards to food through means of an animated film series.
Reward: Involved positively reinforcing children after they eat fruits and vegetables and motivate them to continue progressing with the behaviour; The rewards should imply the importance of the healthy eating behaviour rather than being a repayment for the unpleasant experience
Unrealistic optimism
an error in judgement where people tend to believe that they are invulnerable and expect others to be victims of misfortune and illness, not themselves.
