Misc 9 Flashcards
What are isolated juvenile polyps usually?
Hamartomas with no risk malignancy
Lynch syndrome carries risk of which cancers?
Colorectal Ca
Endometrial Ca
What is the nerve supply to the oesophagus?
Upper half = recurrent laryngeal nerve
Lower half = oesohpageal plexus (vagus)
Describe the segmental blood supply to the oesophagus?
Upper third = inf thyroid veins and artery
Middle third = direct from thoracic aorta, azygos veins
Lower third = left gastric artery and veins branches
Finding which cells on path examination of the thyroid would suggest inadvertant removal of parathyroid?
Oxypihl cells
Most common benign liver lesion?
Haemangioma
Main RF for hepatic adenomas?
OCP/high hormonal potency agents
1 word summaries of 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions?
1 - allergic/anaphylactic
2 - cytotoxic
3 - immune complex
4 - delayed t cell
1 word summaries of 4 stages of wound healing?
1 - haemostasis
2 - inflammation
3 - regeneration
4 - remodelling
Give 3 main causes of chronic inflammation?
Chronic, persistent infection with delalyed hypersensitivty type
Prolonged exposure to nonbiodegradable surfaces e.g. silicon or suture material
Autoimmune condiions
Most common primary immunodef?
IgA deficiency
Describe roughly how to do open AAA repair?
Laparotomy Mobilise bowel and duodenum out way Mobilise aneurysm neck and base Start systemic heparinization Cross clamp proximally then distally Longitudinal aortotomy Atherectomy Graft repair - straight or bifurcating Suture in Clamps off Haemostase Close aneurysm sac Close abdo wall and skin
When is the highest risk of cardiac event during AAA repair?
When clamps removed - reperfusion
What BP would you aim in ruptured AAA?
80-100 systolic - permissive hypotension
Which 3 forearm tendons dont participate in the flexor retianculum?
Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris
Palmaris lonogus
Injury to whic area of the hand carries highest risk of migration of infection? Why?
Palmar surface of little finger - flexor sheath of little finger is continuous with common flexor sheath which extends proximally under flexor retianculum
Criteria for diagnosing IBS?
Rome criteria
Operation for inguinal hernia repair in kids vs adults? Why?
In kids - herniotomy, usually indirect
In adults - herniorraphy
Procedure of choice for a pleomorphic adenoma?
Superficical parotidectomy with facial nerve presrvation
What is the most common unilateral vs bilateral benign parotid tumour?
Unilateral = pleomorphic adenoma Bilateral = Warthins tumour