Ackland Anatomy 2 Flashcards
The line between the greater and lesser trochanter of femur posteriorly is called?
Intertrochanteric crest
Line running down posterior surface of femur?
Gluteal tuberosity
Runs down into linea aspera
Which bit of pelvis do we sit on?
Ischial tuberosity
What is between the ASIS and PSIS?
Iliac crest
Which 2 muscles are above and below obturator internus?
Gemellus superior and inferior
6 short hip rotator muscles? What do they do?
Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
Gemellus superior and inferior
Quadratus femoris
5 hip adductors?
Adductor magnus, longus, brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
Where do the hip adductors insert? Except?
Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Except gracilis, on tibia
Where do the hip adductors arise?
Outer ischiopubic region
Which is deeper of adductor longus/brevis and magnus?
Magnus
Shortest hip adductor is?
Pectineus
Most medial thigh muscle?
Gracilis
3 hip abductors?
Gluteus minimus and medius
Fascia lata and tensor fascia lata
What is the fascia lata and iliotibial tract?
Fascia lata is thick fascial layer around thigh, and IT tract is lateral thickening of this
4 hip flexors?
Iliacus - from iliac wing
Psoas major - from L1-5
Quadriceps femoris/rectus femoris
Sartorius
Does iliacus and psoas major pass above or below ingunial lig?
Below
What is the only part of quadriceps that arises above hip joint and therefore acting as a hip flexor?
Rectus femoris
4 hip extensors?
Hamstrings - semimembranosus and semitendinosus, biceps femoris
Gluteus maximus
Where do the hamstrings arise?
Ischial tuberosity
What does gluteus maxmius do?
Extends hip from flexed position e.g. going up stairs, from squat
What forms the IVC?
Left and right common iliac veins
What are the 2 initial branches of the femoral artery after it emerges from under the inguinal ligament?
Superficial circumflex iliac (lat) External pudendal (met)
What are the branches of the internal iliac artery?
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries
Muscles supplied by femoral nerve?
Iliacus
All 4 heads of quadriceps
Pectineus
Sartorius
Muscles supplied by obturator nerve?
Obturator externus
Adductor brevis, longus and anterior part of magnus
Origin of lumbar plexus?
L2-S3
Origin of sascral plexus?
L4-S3
Muscles supplied by superior gluteal nerve?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata
Muscles supplied by inferior gluteal nerve?
Gluteus maximus
Muscles supplied by sciatic nerev in thigh?
Biceps femoris
Adductor magnus psoterior part
Semimemb and semitend
What supplied psoas major?
Small branches of lumbar plexus
Piriformis, obturator internus and quadratus femoris are supplied by what nerves?
Small branches of sarcal plexus
On which side of the knee is the collateral ligament continuous with the joint capsule?
Medial side
3 knee flexors? 2 minor ones?
Semimeb, semitend and biceps femoris
Gracilis and sartorius
Which muscles originate either side of the linea aspera?
Vastus medialis and lateralis
Which of the knee extensors doesn’t arise from the femur?
Rectus fermois - ASIS/acetabluum
What forms the edges of the adductor canal?
Adductor longus and vastus medialis, and roof of adductor canal / sartiorius
Arteries of lower limb?
Common iliac - external iliac - femoral after inguinal lig (profunda femoris) - SFA - popliteal artery after adductor hiatus (med and lat superior and inferior genicular branches) - gives off posterior tibial (medial and lateral plantar) and peroneal, and anterior tibial arteries (dorsalis pedis)
Divisons of the sciatic nerve?
Common peroneal, to superficial and deep - also gives off sural
Tibial
Where does the short saphenous vein run?
Posterior to lateral malleolus
Up back of leg
Joins popliteal vein
Tibial nerve turns into? Where does it go?
Medial ankle under malleolus and flexor retinaculum
Gives off medial and lateral plantar nerves
Ligaments supporting longitudinal arch of foot?
Short plantar ligament
Long plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
What does the foramen rotundum open into?
Pterygomaxillary fissure
