Misc Flashcards
Describe what happens in tumour lysis syndrome, the blood test results + when its most likely to occur
High uric acid, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcaemia
Causes painful joints, kidney stones, AKI, arrhythmias, confusion.
More common in leukaemias, lymphomas etc.
Seen 2-3 days after chemo
MRCP vs ERCP - what are they?
MRCP = MRI of liver, gallbladder, pancreas ERCP = endoscopy, injection of dye into pancreatic ducts, X rays taken
What is lymphangitis carcinomatosis?
Inflammation of lymph vessels due to malignancy. Breast, lung, stomach, pancreas + prostate common. Can cause kerley B lines on CXR
What can cause mediastinal lymphadenopathy?
TB, sarcoidosis, lung cancer, lymphangitis carcinomatosis, CF
What are the causes of leg pain in oncology patients?
Bone mets, neuropathic pain, peripheral neuropathy, fracture, co-existing disease
What are the characteristics of bone mets (S+S)?
dull ache over large area or well localized tenderness over bone. Worse on weight bearing + movement
What meds to consider stopping in EOL care?
steroids, hpyoglycaemics, anticonvulsants
What meds to stop in EOL care?
anti-HTN, anti-depressants, laxatives, anti ulcer drugs, anticoags, iron, vitamins, diuretics, arrhythmics
What are the 4 anticipatory meds?
diamorphine injection, midazolam, hyoscine butylbromide + haloperidol
What is a DS1500 form?
Used for the terminally ill to get more funding
What are the causes of confusion in oncology pts?
Hypercalcaemia, infection, opiate OD, cerebral mets
What does a CXR of SVCO reveal?
Mediastinal mass
When to use RT vs surgery for spinal cord compression
Radiotherapy for: Comorbidities Non- collapse of vertebrae Metastasis 2 or more levels with compression Palliative
Surgery for:
Young
Healthy
One level disease
What are the key principles of external beam RT?
Immobilisation Imaging Target definition (margins) Dose delivery Verification image guidance
How does hypercalcaemia cause problems?
Calcium acts like an osmotic diuretic causing: Polyuria Dehydration D+ V Leads to AKI