Misc

Question 1

Social/lifestyle factors that increase likelihood of panic/anxiety disorder

Answer 1

alchohol/drug misuse
sedentary lifestyle
social isolation
excessive cigarette and caffine consumption
poor diet
financial problems
adverse living conditions - noisy home, bad location
stress - exams, deadlines, rent, work etc

Question 2

Psychological perpetuation of anxiety

Answer 2

anticipatory anxiety
avoidance
Increased "illness behaviour" 
use of alcohol or sedatives
repeatedly seeking medical opinions 
escape behaviour

Question 3

Topographical memory loss

Answer 3

Inability to orientate oneself

Question 4

Autobiographical memory loss

Answer 4

Specific events or issues relating to ones life (eg. 60th birthday or the birth of a grandchild)

Question 5

Episodic memory loss

Answer 5

similar to autobiographical memory loss??

Question 6

Procedural or Implicit memory loss

Answer 6

Loss of memory/knowledge of how to do things

Question 7

Semantic memory loss

Answer 7

loss of basic knowledge base (eg. capital of Australia)

Question 8

Preservation

Answer 8

Seen in organic brain disease (dementia)

Giving an appropriate first response but then giving the same response to a different second question

NB not limited to verbal statements

Question 9

Confabulation

Answer 9

Phenomenon of false memories and consequential false answers to questions

Difficult to differentiate causes

Question 10

Ganser’s syndrome

Answer 10

Phenomenon whereby people give approximate answers to questions (among other symptoms)

Question 11

Illusion

Answer 11

A misinterpretation of a perception

Question 12

Hallucination

Answer 12

New perception in absence of any stimuli

Question 13

Affect illusion

Answer 13

perception is altered depending on the mood state - eg. being frightened

Question 14

Completion illusion

Answer 14

A lack of attention leads to a perception being misinterpreted (ge misreading a line in a book)

Question 15

Pareidolic illusions

Answer 15

Seeing shapes in other objects (eg clouds)

Question 16

Tactile hallucination

Answer 16

sensation of touch in absence of stimuli

Question 17

Extracampine hallucionation

Answer 17

One that occurs beyond the range of sensation (ie being able to hear someone talking in finland)

Question 18

Functional hallucination

Answer 18

hallucination is experienced only when an external stimuli is in the same modality - eg patient hears voices only when they hear classical music

Question 19

Hypnogogic hallucination

Answer 19

Hallucinations when falling asleep

Question 20

Hypnopompic hallucination

Answer 20

Hallucinations when waking up

Question 21

Reflex hallucination

Answer 21

Hallucination experienced only when stimuli in a different modality - patient hears voices when their son looks at them

Question 22

Delusional perception

Answer 22

normal perception is invested with a delusional meaning

Question 23

Autochthonous delusion

Answer 23

One that arises out of the blue and is not attached to a real stimulus or attributable to the suffer’s mood or history

Question 24

Autoscopy

Answer 24

Sensation if seeing oneself

Question 25

Delusional atmosphere

Answer 25

state of perplexity or bewilderment - often occurs prior to a delusion

Question 26

Delusional memory

Answer 26

when a patient recalls an event from the past and interprets it with a delusional meaning - occurs after the event

Question 27

Thought blocking

Answer 27

Patient suddenly stops mid sentence and is unable to explain why

Occurs in schizophrenia

Question 28

Logoclonia

Answer 28

repeating the last syllable of a word repeatedly

Seen in Parkinsons

Question 29

Alogia

Answer 29

Phenomenon of “not having any words”