MIS: Exam 1 - Ch 1 Flashcards
Web-based applications that are stored on remote servers and accessed via the “cloud” of the internet using a standard Web Browser
Cloud Computing / Software as a Service
Second-generation, interactive, Internet-based services that enable people to collaborate, share information, and create new services online, including mashups, blogs, RSS, and wikis.
Web 2.0
An internal network based on Internet and World Wide Web technology and standards
Intranet
Private internet that is accessible to authorized outsiders.
Extranets
Interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization
Information System
All the hardware and software technologies a firm needs to achieve its business objectives
Information Technology (IT)
Information technology enhances business processes in two main ways:
Increasing the efficiency of existing processes & Enabling entirely new processes that are capable of transforming the businesses
Nearly all of the organizations significant business relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated.
The Digital Firm
Collection of activities required to produce a product or service. Examples: Develop New Product, Generating or Fulfilling Orders, Hiring Employees, etc. — OR Set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated.
Business Processes
Intellectual Property, Core Competencies, Financial & Human Capital
Business Assets
Intangible property created by individuals or corporations that is subject to protections under trade secret, copyright, and patent law
Intellectual Property
Activity at which a firm excels as a world-class leader
Core Competencies
ex: Contributed Capital, Stockholder Equity
Financial Equity
ex: Employees
Human Capital
Six Strategic Business Objectives
- Operational Excellence
- New Products, Services and Business Models
- Customer and Supplier Intimacy
- Improved Decision Making
- Competitive Advantage
- Survival
Information vs. Data vs. Metadata (match definitions):
Stream of raw facts
Data shaped into meaningful form
Set of data about other data
Data: Stream of raw facts
Information: Data Shaped into meaningful form
Metadata: Set of data about other data
Systems 4 basic fundamental components that work together:
Input - Processing - Output - Feedback
Captures raw data from organization or external environment
Input
Converts raw data into meaningful form
Processing
Transfers processed information to people or activities that use it.
Output
Output returned to appropriate members of organization to help evaluate or correct input stage; Continuous Improvement
Feedback
Hierarchy of authority, Responsibility: 3 levels
Senior Management, Middle Management (Scientists and knowledge workers), Operational Management (Production and/or service workers, data workers)
Organizational Dimensions of Information Systems; Separation of Business Functions in to 4 categories
Sales & Marketing, Human Resources, Finance & Accounting (AIS), and Manufacturing & Production
What 3 things does every business have?
Unique business processes, Unique business culture and Organizational Politics
Management Dimensions of Info Systems: Managers set organizational strategy for responding to business challenges. In addition, managers must act creatively: (2 ways)
Creation of new products and services, and Occasionally re-creating the organization
Technology Dimensions of Info Systems
Computer hardware and software, Data Management Technology, Networking and telecommunications technology (Networks, the internet, intranets & extranets), Info Technology Infrastructure provides platforms that systems are built upon (PCs, Servers, Networking & Security Equipment)
Technical Approaches to Info Systems:
Computer Science, Management Science, Operations Research/Management, Emphasis on mathematical based models, physical technology and formal capabilities.
Behavioral Approaches to Info Systems:
Sociology, Psychology, Economy, IS are sociotechnical Systems
Which Behavioral Approach to IS addresses How groups/organizations shape the development of systems. & How systems impact individuals, groups and organizations?
Sociology
Which Behavioral Approach to IS addresses How people perceive and interpret information. How people interact with systems/software.
Psychology
Which Behavioral Approach to IS addresses Economic impacts of firms and markets?
Economy
Which Technical Approach to IS addresses Complex theories and applications used to develop software. Methods of computation (algorithms), data storage and access (data structures / databases)
Computer Science
Which Technical Approach to IS addresses Development of models for decision making and management practices (decision sciences)
Management Science
Which Technical Approach to IS addresses Mathematical techniques for optimizing selected parameters of organizations.
Operations Research/Management
