MIOCARDIOPATIAS Flashcards

1
Q

DISFUNSION DEL MIOCARDIO

A

por HT, isquemia, valvulopatia, puede causar a la larga una ICC

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2
Q

3 CAUSAS

A
    • inflamacion miocarditis
    • inmunologica y metabolitos
    • geneticas
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3
Q

3 TIPOS

A

dilatada, hipertrofica y restrictiva

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4
Q

DILATADA

A

afecta las 4 cavidades, causa ICC lenta y progresiva, fraccion de eyeccion -40%, falla sistolica, causas genetica, alcoholica, etc. X HT DIASTOLICA, causa ICC, muerte x fibrilacion ventricular.

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5
Q

DILATADA GENETICA

A

25 al 35% de los casos, autosomica dominante, vs proteinas del citoesqueleto (beta sarcomera, delta sarcomera, desmina y distrofina) la mas comun es distrofia de duchenne. mutaciones en laminina a/c, en mitocondrias (cadena larga acil Co. a)

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6
Q

DILATADA ALCOHOLICA

A

x asimilacion del aldehido, la mas comun en mexico

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7
Q

DILATADA GRASA

A

corazon graso, trombos murales, fibrosis

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8
Q

HIPERTROFICA

A

llmada tambien miocardiopatia obstructiva, o subaortica por estenosis, fraccion entre el 50 y 80%, sifunsion sistolica, causa genetica, deposito, HIJOS DE DIABETICOS, la enfermedad del corazon super mamado, no contrae bien, no relaja bien, X HT SISTOLICA, causa icc, fibrilaciones y muerte

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9
Q

HIPERTROFICA GENETICA

A

50% de los casos, autosomica dominate, mutacion del sarcomero (actina, toponina t, cadena beta de miosina pesada, alfa tropomiosina)

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10
Q

HIPERTROFICA DAÑO

A

tabique grueso, VI en platano, daño mitral, desorganizacion de miocitos

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11
Q

RESTRICTIVA

A

fraccion 45-90% muy rara, multifactorial, el VI no se llena bien, el gasto baja, xfibrosis intersticial, asociada a loeffler con eosinofilia periferica. es FATAL en todo caso.

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12
Q

VIRAL

A

inflamacion asintomatica, como ICC o muerte subita, evoluciona a DILATADA, x coxaquie a y b, pocas veces x bacterias (aureus y tbc) 2/3 de pacientes con lyme, CAUSADA X CHAGAS

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13
Q

VIRUSES

A

becrosis asilada, focal, edema y c mononucleares con fibrosis

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14
Q

BACTERIAS

A

neutrofilos y granulos

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15
Q

LYME

A

espiroquetas

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16
Q

CHAGAS

A

eosinofilia e inflamacion

17
Q

OTRAS CAUSAS

A

radiacion x quimio, hierro en hemocromatosis, amiloidosis, etc