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Patient care > Minimizing Patient Exposure > Flashcards

Minimizing Patient Exposure Flashcards

1
Q

What combination of kV and mAs is recommended to decrease patient exposure?

A

Low mAs with high kV

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2
Q

List at least three types of patient shields

A

Flat contact shields, shaped contact shields, shadow shields, and breast shields

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3
Q

What is the single most important way to reduce patient exposure?

A

Restriction of the useful beam

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4
Q

List three type of beam restrictions

A

Collimators, cones, and aperture diaphragms

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5
Q

The X-ray tube glass envelop and its insulating oil function as what kind of filtration?

A

Inherent filtration

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6
Q

How much total filtration is required for equipment operating above 70 kV?

A

2.5 mm aluminum eqivalent

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7
Q

What is the primary purpose of filtration of the useful x-ray beam?

A

To reduce patient skin dose

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8
Q

How does added filtration affect the average energy of the x-ray beam?

A

The average energy is increased

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9
Q

How does added filtration affect the minimum wavelength of the x-ray?

A

Added filtration has no effect on the minimum wavelength of the x-ray beam

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10
Q

What are the two ways used to express x-ray beam quality?

A

kV and HVL (half value layer)

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11
Q

Because the primary x-ray beam is polyenertgetic, the entrance dose is often significantly __ than the exit dose

A

greater

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12
Q

To reduce exposure to the lens, the reproductive organs, and the breasts, it is helpful to perform theses examinations in what position

A

PA

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13
Q

What is the concept employed everyday, with every examination, in order to achieve optimal radiation protection?

A

ALARA (as low as reasonably achieveable)

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14
Q

What is the feature of most x-ray imaging systems that terminates the x-ray exposure once adequate exposure reaches the image receptor?

A

Automatic exposure control (AEC)

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15
Q

How is imaging system speed related to patient exposure?

A

Faster-speed systems reduce required exposure

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16
Q

Changing from non grid to grid procedure will require a/an __ in patient exposure

A

increase

17
Q

A/an ___ technique can function similar to, or in place of, a low ratio grid when distance is introduced between the patient/part and the image receptor

A

air gap

18
Q

When used correctly, digital imaging can significantly __ patient dose

A

reduce

19
Q

What is the principal reason that fluoroscopy potentially delivers a significantly higher patient dose than general radiography?

A

Because the source of x-ray photons is much closer to the patient in fluoroscopy

20
Q

Grids improve the radiographic image by reducing the amount of scattered radiation fog, but necessitate a/an __ in exposure

A

increase

21
Q

During C-arm fluoroscopy procedures. the patient-to-image intensifier distance should be as __ as possible to reduce patient entrance dose

A

short

22
Q

How dose fluoroscopic magnification mode affect patient dose?

A

Magnification mode increases patient dose

23
Q

According to CFR, Title 21, for continued awareness od patient exposure during fluoroscopic procedures, cumulative air karma is displayed in what unit of measure?

A

mGya (milligray in air)

24
Q

What are tow features of digital fluoroscopy that function to reduce patient dose?

A

pulsed fluoroscopy and last image hold

25
Q

The exposure switch on mobile x-ray equipment must allow the operator to be at least what distance from the X-ray tube during the exposure?

A

2m/6 ft

26
Q

The SSD in mobile fluoroscopy must be at least

A

30 cm/12 in

27
Q

The SSD in stationary fluoroscopy must be at least

A

38 cm/ 15 in

28
Q

In what type of mobile x-ray equipment dose the kV decrease during the exposure?

A

Capacitor/condenser discharge mobile units

29
Q

How is patient entrance exposure (ESE) effected as fluoroscopic SSD is decreased?

A

Patient ESE increases as SSD is decreased

30
Q

What must be the lead equivalent of the fluoroscopic image receptor assembly?

A

2.0 mm Pb equiv

31
Q

Fluoroscopic total filtration must be at least

A

2.5 mm AL equiv

32
Q

The fluoroscopy timber must provide signal after how much fluoroscopic time has elapsed?

A

5 mins

33
Q

Fluoroscopic tabletop intensity should not exceed __ per mA operated 80 kV

A

21 mGya/min (2.1 R/min)

34
Q

High level control fluoroscopy tabletop exposure must not exceed __

A

200 mGya/min (20 R/min)

35
Q

Automatic adjustment of the kV and/or mAs for adequate visualization during fluoroscopic examinations.according to part thickness, s termed __

A

automatic brightness control (ABC)

Patient care (6 decks)

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