mini Quiz- Late 18th Century And 19th Century Health And Medicine Flashcards
What year did Edward jenner test his vaccination for small pox
1796
When was the first census in Britain
1801
When was the first cholera epidemic in Britain
1831-32
When was the first public health act
1848
Who and when was the first use of antiseptic in surgery
In 1867, lister is the first to use antiseptic in surgery
When was the 2nd public health act
1875
Was the germ theory conducted (time period)
1860-1864
Who was Louis Pasteur
French microbiologist/chemist who argued that micro-organisms were responsible for disease
What is the germ theory
Many diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific microorganisms within the body
Why was the germ theory discovery made
The beer industry had asked Pasteur why their beer was going sour
How was germ theory proven
Using swan necked flasks to trap different air from various places to see how bacteria and microbes grew, compared it to air from alps (purest and cleanest air) to compare to dirtier air.
Also used liquids such as beer, wine and milk to test his experiments.
Who was Robert Koch and what did he do/discover
A German microbiologist, he invented a way to stain bacteria so it was easier to see them under a microscope. This allowed him to identity which bacteria/microorganisms caused disease he and compared good and bad Bacteria.
Which diseases was Robert Koch able to identify with his discovery
Septicaemia- 1878
TB- 1882
cholera-1883
How did Robert Koch prove his point
By looking at bacteria growing in different conditions, he was able to use a dye that highlighted the bad backer from the good bacteria. As a result his work was more easily proven as people could physically see the colours and microorganisms
Who was paul ehrlich and what did he do/discover
A German physician who initially worked for Koch and used staining techniques to study blood cells and then worked on immunity, developing an anti-diphtheria serum
What did Paul ehrlichs work on chemotherapy lead him to
Led him to the idea of magic bullets, that would target specific organisms in the body. He developed Salvarsan as a treatment for syphillis.
What did most medicines contain in 19th century
Alcohol and opium
What is brain salt an example of
An ailment that promised to cure multiple things (sea sickness, head aches, sleeplessness and indigestion) for those who couldn’t afford a doctor
What book was published in 1961
Mrs Beetons, “the book of household management”
Eg- recommends every household should have opium powders, laudanum to treat small ailments
What did Elizabeth Garrett Anderson do?
In 1865 she became the first woman to have an official medical profession and training.
Set up her own practice, included access for poor
What did Sophia Jex- Blake do?
3rd female doctor in country, opened own surgery in Edinburgh in 1878
What did Florence nightingale do?
Wrote book called notes on nursing
Set up Britains first nurse training school in Britain at St Thomas hospital.
In the Crimean war- cleaned up hospital wards, drastically cut mortality rates from 40% to 2%
What is aseptic , anaesthetic and antiseptic technique
Aseptic- using practices and procedures to prevent contamination from pathogens- surgically clean or sterile
Anaesthetic-pain relief- numbing and unconsciousness
Antiseptic- infection, preventing it by cleaning open wounds- kills backfires inside living organisms
Blood loss In early 19th century and late 19th century
Early- lots of blood lost, bucket to catch ur and sawdust to absorb it.
Late- blood transfusions, some died but some lived, later developed the idea to match different blood types
