Mini Chemistry Unit

Question 1

Where are lipids found

Answer 1

Animal products

Question 2

What are lipids

Answer 2

Lipids are a large group of molecules that are not soluble in water

Question 3

Lipids functions (MINE)

Answer 3

Lipids are for long term energy storage
Provides thermal insulation on animals bodies
Play structural roles in cell membranes
Important in nerves

Question 4

What do most lipids have in them

Answer 4

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 5

Why are there no monomers or polymers for lipids

Answer 5

They’re too unlike

Question 6

Saturated fatty acids

Answer 6

They have as many hydrogen atoms as possible (as they can hold) (there are no “free” Carbons
Usually solid at room temperature (body has harder time breaking down)
They’re the straight ones

Question 7

Unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 7

If there are any double bonds (curved/not straight)
Liquid at room temp

Question 8

The common categories of lipids are

Answer 8

Fats, oils; and waxes
Steroids
Phospholipids

Question 9

Steroids

Answer 9

Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen

Question 10

What is functions of steroids

Answer 10

Communication within body for reproduction and metabolism

Question 11

Phospholipids do what

Answer 11

Help to make up the cell membrane

Question 12

The model of phospholipid

Answer 12

Phosphate head is hydrophilic -> polar water loving
Two fatty acid tails; they’re hydrophobic (non polar)

Question 13

Proteins functions (MESSD)

Answer 13

Structure, build our bodies muscles and hair
Movement: muscles
Defense: fight anti-bodies
Speeds up reactions in our bodies (enzymes)
Moves substances in and out of cells

Question 14

the atoms in Proteins are..

Answer 14

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur (and others)

Question 15

What are the building blocks of proteins

Answer 15

Amino acids

Question 16

How many amino acids

Answer 16

There are 20 types of amino acids

Question 17

Amino acid build

Answer 17

Carbon in middle, single bond to hydrogen on top; single bond to R on bottom
To right is carbon with double bonds to O (on top) and OH (on bottom
To left is H2N

Question 18

What’s different in amino acids

Answer 18

The bottom/side chain which is R (chemistry variable)
The R group gives the properties to the amino acids

Question 19

Amino acid bonds

Answer 19

Amino acids are joined together by covalent bonds called peptide bond

Question 20

How does the organization of amino acids change

Answer 20

First step is random; then they’re on one straight chain called polypeptide then it combines with other and snakes around to make protein