cellular reproduction

Question 1

zygote

Answer 1

how we all began, the single cell, 46 ch, 23 from each parent

Question 2

mitosis

Answer 2

cellular division, how we became multicellular organisms

Question 3

how many ch do a sperm and egg cell have and then combined

Answer 3

23 each and 46 tog.

Question 4

why do cells divide

Answer 4

to grow
to replace or repair old/broken ones
to reproduce
wound repair/healing

Question 5

what needs to happen in between cell divisions and why

Answer 5

copying of DNA and the cells needs to grow, if a cell divided without anything in between there wouldn’t be enough ch

Question 6

cell cycle

Answer 6

the series of events to divide and grow in a cell’s lifetime

Question 7

steps of the cell cycle

Answer 7

G1 (gap one) (a cell grows and undergoes it’s every day functions)
Synthesis (duplicates it’s DNA ch
G2 (gap 2) (prepares for division)
mitosis, divides to form two cells, each of which begin the cycle again

Question 8

interphase

Answer 8

the neccessary steps between mitosis(i??), the period of growth and prep between cell divisions (cell grows and replicates its DNA)
includes phases g1, s, g2

Question 9

chromatin

Answer 9

Individual chromosomes are not visible in interphase, what we see at this point is called chromatin, like an unravelled ball of yarn just of DNA

Question 10

chromosomes

Answer 10

condensed/coiled version of chromatin

Question 11

During G1 the cell…

Answer 11

increases in size, makes new proteins & organelles
the cell undergoes its everyday functions

Question 12

During the S phase..

Answer 12

DNA synthesis takes place
chromosomes are replicated

Question 13

centromere

Answer 13

the pt at which two chromatids are held together

Question 14

visualize it:
single figure 8 (with centromere) –> (what phase) then becomes what

Answer 14

after S phase it looks like, two figure eights with centromere

Question 15

sister chromatids

Answer 15

genetically identical to one another (after s phase, the two 8s)

Question 16

after S phase then what happens to the chromatids

Answer 16

during mitosis each cell gets one 8 and back to square one
before mitosis in one cell there is 46 ch and 92 sis chromatids, then after split it becomes 46 ch

Question 17

humans cells and their numbers

Answer 17

23 from dad, 23 from mom makes 46 in human cell, two of each kind of chromosome

Question 18

karyotype

Answer 18

the picture/layout of all the chromosomes in a cell

Question 19

chromosome 23

Answer 19

the sex cell, 2x is female and 1x and 1y is male

Question 20

G2

Answer 20

-organelles are molecules required for cell division are produced
-final prep for mitosis, the cell checks for mistakes

Question 21

once G2 finishes..

Answer 21

the cell is ready to start M phase, mitosis and cytokinesis