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Biochem Finals Fatima > Minerals Metabolism > Flashcards

Minerals Metabolism Flashcards

0
Q

Minerals description

A

Inorganic compounds
No carbon structure
Non caloric
Remain ash when completely burnt

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1
Q

Left when the body decays?

A

5 pounds of minerals

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2
Q

Major electrolytes for avid base balance?

A

PISO - cation

BICO - anion

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3
Q

Left when the body decays?

A

5 pounds of minerals

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4
Q

Cations or positive charge

A

Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium

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5
Q

Anions or negative charge

A

Chloride
Sulfate
Phosphorus

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6
Q

Major cation of macro

A

Calcium

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7
Q

Major anion of macro

A

Phosphorus

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8
Q

Kaya ibalance ng katawan ang level ng excretion at absorption

A

Essential minerals

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9
Q

Hindi kayang i balance

A

Non essential minerals

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10
Q

Amount of mineral that is capable of entering the circulation available for metabolic usage

A

Mineral biovailability

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11
Q

Different factor affect the bio availability

A

Physiologic need on the time of consumption
Minerals to minerals interaction
Fiber mineral interaction
Vitamin mineral interaction

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12
Q

Example of physiologic need on the time of consumption

A

Iron on IDA

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13
Q

Example of minerals to minerals interaction

A

Copper and zinc

Zinc and iron

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14
Q

Copper and zinc, compete in the same

A

Binding protein, melanothionine

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15
Q

Zinc and iron compete in

A

Transport protein, transferrin

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16
Q

Example of fiber mineral interaction

A

Fiber and iron, hindi mo coconvert si ferric to become ferrous dahil iinhibit ni ni fiber si ferric reductase dahil sa fitic acid

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17
Q

Example of vitamin mineral interaction

A

Vit. C and Iron,

Increase the absorption of Iron

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18
Q

The most biochemical function of your mineral?

A

Co factor in catalytic activity

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19
Q

Co factor of amylase

A

Chloride

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20
Q

Co factor of anhydrase

A

Zinc

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21
Q

Co factor of citopherol from ETC

A

Copper and iron

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22
Q

Apo enzyme is specific and tightly bound to the enzyme

A

Metallo enzyme

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23
Q

Not specific and loosely bound to the enzyme

A

Non metalloenzyme

Kapag sinabi natin na specific at tight, kapag nawala na si mieral wala naring silbi si enzyme

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24
Q

Ferric

A

Oxidized
Transport
Bind with transferrin

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25
Q

Ferrous

A

Reduced

Absorbable

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26
Q

Iron will help in oxygen transport

A

Hemew

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27
Q

Function of iron

A

Heme
ETC
Enhance brain function/ myelination
Immune response

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28
Q

Iron enhance immune response, it is co factor of enzyme? That enhance the activity of?

A

Myeloperoxidase

Neutrophil

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29
Q

Two forms of Iron

A

Heme- from animal

Nonheme- from plant

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30
Q

The most component of your heme is.

A

Ferrous

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31
Q

Carry the heme

A

Heme carrier protein 1

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32
Q

Main ionic state of non heme is

A

Ferric, it should be reduced bythe used of enzyme ferric reductase or duodenal cythochrome

33
Q

Ferrous from non heme will then enter the enterocyte via?

A

DMT1

34
Q

To release ferrous from heme we need?

A

Heme oxygenase

35
Q

So meron ng ferrous from heme and non heme, kapag marami ng masyadong ferrous ano na mangyayari?

A

Hindi na sya maabsorb at pupunta ito sa liver as part of liver iron pool

36
Q

Ferrous will be stored in the liver in the form of

A

Ferritin

37
Q

Mababa ang iron sa blood, kailangang i absorb si ferrous. Who carry ferrous into the blood?

A

FPN for absorption

Ferrin for transport

38
Q

Co factor of ferrous oxidase

Co factor of ferric reductase

A

Copper

Vitamin C

39
Q

Saan ng galing si copper na co factor ng ferrous oxidase?

A

Hepheistin

40
Q

How can i stop iron absorption?

A

Stop mo si FPN, diba nga sya yung nag aAbsorb. Pero ang master regulation ng absorption ay si HEPTIDIN. Increase HEPTIDIN, decrease FPN

41
Q

Kailan iniinom ang IRON

A

Kapag mataas ang acid sa katawan, hwag isabay sa milk, tea, coffe at fiber

42
Q

Bakit may IDA wala namang bleeding?

A

Increase inflammatory mediator will increase heptidin will decrease FPN will decrease IRON

43
Q

Heptidin

A

25 AA

Being encoded by your Hamp gene

44
Q

Function of zinc

A 
Spermatogenesis
Insulin activity
GIT problems of pedia
Anti oxidant
PMS
Lower prostate cancer
Co factors
45
Q

Anti oxidant mineral which include ZINC, COPPER, MANGANESE through what emzyme?

A

Superoxide dismutase

46
Q

Anti oxidant selenium with enzyme

A

Glutathione peroxidase

47
Q

Zinc as co factor to enzymes

A 
Carbonic anhydrase
Peptidase
Thimidine kinase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Alkaline phosphatase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Superoxide dismutase
48
Q

How to control zinc in the body?

A

Plama membrane DIP transporter

Betazone ZIP transporter

49
Q

Autosomal recessive disorder, HZ4 undergo mutation

A

Acrodermatitis entero hepatica

50
Q

Absorb zinc, kapag mutated no absorption

A

Human zinc 4

51
Q

Function of copper

A

Co factor for oxydation of iron
Anti oxidant
Cofactor of collagen synthesis
Co factor on melanin production

52
Q

Copper as oxydation of IRON

A

Ferrous oxidase

53
Q

Opper as anti oxidant

A

Superoxide dismutase

54
Q

Copper as co factor on collagen metabolism

A

Lysl oxidase

55
Q

Copper aso co factor on melanin production

A

Tyroxidase

56
Q

From membrane to liver who carry copper?

A

HCTR1

57
Q

Copper chaperon

A

COX17
CTS
Glutathione
ATOPS1

58
Q

Magdadala kay copper sa mitochondria

A

COX 17

59
Q

Copper as co factor in ETC

A

Cytochrome oxidase

60
Q

Dadalin nya si copper papuntang cytosol to be use by superoxide dismutase

A

CTS

61
Q

Sa bindin prtein nya dadalhin, metalothionine

A

Glutathione

62
Q

Dadalhin nya s a golgi apparatus

A

ATOPS1

63
Q

ATP 7B gene mutation, toxicity of copper

A

Wilson disease

64
Q

Saan na sstore si copper maliban sa liver?

A

Cornea, desment membrane

65
Q

Para mabawasan ang copper toxicity

A

Phencilamin

66
Q

Kapag sa brain naman nag accumulate si Copper

A

ATP 7A gene mutation,
Menke’s disease
X linked disorder

67
Q

Function of manganese

A

For testis
Co factor for pyruvate carboxylase
Collagen metabolism
Involved in cholesterol metabolism

68
Q

Manganese as co factor for pyruvate carboxylase

A

Gluconeogenesis

69
Q

Manganes as co factor in urea cycle

A

Arginase

70
Q

Manganese as co factor in detoxification of ammonia

A

Glutamine synthetase

71
Q

Manganese as cofactor on organic matrix

A

Glycosyl transferase

72
Q

Manganese involved in collagen metabolism

A

Prolipase

73
Q

Manganese involved in cholesterol metabolismqq

A

Glycocilation reaction

74
Q

Iodine ATP production

A

Glycolysis
Kreb
ETC
Beta oxidation

75
Q

End product of lipolysis

A

3 fatty acid and glycerol

76
Q

Selenium transport

A

Passive diffusion transport

Lipoprotein if goes to circulation

77
Q

Selenium excreted through

A

Urine

78
Q

Selenium def

A

Cardiac- kenshan disease
- female chinese
Arthritis- kanshenbets disease

79
Q

What are the different mineral that affect T3 and T4

A

Iodine and selenium

Biochem Finals Fatima (6 decks)

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