Minerals Metabolism Flashcards
Minerals description
Inorganic compounds
No carbon structure
Non caloric
Remain ash when completely burnt
Left when the body decays?
5 pounds of minerals
Major electrolytes for avid base balance?
PISO - cation
BICO - anion
Left when the body decays?
5 pounds of minerals
Cations or positive charge
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium
Anions or negative charge
Chloride
Sulfate
Phosphorus
Major cation of macro
Calcium
Major anion of macro
Phosphorus
Kaya ibalance ng katawan ang level ng excretion at absorption
Essential minerals
Hindi kayang i balance
Non essential minerals
Amount of mineral that is capable of entering the circulation available for metabolic usage
Mineral biovailability
Different factor affect the bio availability
Physiologic need on the time of consumption
Minerals to minerals interaction
Fiber mineral interaction
Vitamin mineral interaction
Example of physiologic need on the time of consumption
Iron on IDA
Example of minerals to minerals interaction
Copper and zinc
Zinc and iron
Copper and zinc, compete in the same
Binding protein, melanothionine
Zinc and iron compete in
Transport protein, transferrin
Example of fiber mineral interaction
Fiber and iron, hindi mo coconvert si ferric to become ferrous dahil iinhibit ni ni fiber si ferric reductase dahil sa fitic acid
Example of vitamin mineral interaction
Vit. C and Iron,
Increase the absorption of Iron
The most biochemical function of your mineral?
Co factor in catalytic activity
Co factor of amylase
Chloride
Co factor of anhydrase
Zinc
Co factor of citopherol from ETC
Copper and iron
Apo enzyme is specific and tightly bound to the enzyme
Metallo enzyme
Not specific and loosely bound to the enzyme
Non metalloenzyme
Kapag sinabi natin na specific at tight, kapag nawala na si mieral wala naring silbi si enzyme
Ferric
Oxidized
Transport
Bind with transferrin
Ferrous
Reduced
Absorbable
Iron will help in oxygen transport
Hemew
Function of iron
Heme
ETC
Enhance brain function/ myelination
Immune response
Iron enhance immune response, it is co factor of enzyme? That enhance the activity of?
Myeloperoxidase
Neutrophil
Two forms of Iron
Heme- from animal
Nonheme- from plant
The most component of your heme is.
Ferrous
Carry the heme
Heme carrier protein 1
Main ionic state of non heme is
Ferric, it should be reduced bythe used of enzyme ferric reductase or duodenal cythochrome
Ferrous from non heme will then enter the enterocyte via?
DMT1
To release ferrous from heme we need?
Heme oxygenase
So meron ng ferrous from heme and non heme, kapag marami ng masyadong ferrous ano na mangyayari?
Hindi na sya maabsorb at pupunta ito sa liver as part of liver iron pool
Ferrous will be stored in the liver in the form of
Ferritin
Mababa ang iron sa blood, kailangang i absorb si ferrous. Who carry ferrous into the blood?
FPN for absorption
Ferrin for transport
Co factor of ferrous oxidase
Co factor of ferric reductase
Copper
Vitamin C
Saan ng galing si copper na co factor ng ferrous oxidase?
Hepheistin
How can i stop iron absorption?
Stop mo si FPN, diba nga sya yung nag aAbsorb. Pero ang master regulation ng absorption ay si HEPTIDIN. Increase HEPTIDIN, decrease FPN
Kailan iniinom ang IRON
Kapag mataas ang acid sa katawan, hwag isabay sa milk, tea, coffe at fiber
Bakit may IDA wala namang bleeding?
Increase inflammatory mediator will increase heptidin will decrease FPN will decrease IRON
Heptidin
25 AA
Being encoded by your Hamp gene
Function of zinc
Spermatogenesis Insulin activity GIT problems of pedia Anti oxidant PMS Lower prostate cancer Co factors
Anti oxidant mineral which include ZINC, COPPER, MANGANESE through what emzyme?
Superoxide dismutase
Anti oxidant selenium with enzyme
Glutathione peroxidase
Zinc as co factor to enzymes
Carbonic anhydrase Peptidase Thimidine kinase Lactate dehydrogenase Alkaline phosphatase Alcohol dehydrogenase Superoxide dismutase
How to control zinc in the body?
Plama membrane DIP transporter
Betazone ZIP transporter
Autosomal recessive disorder, HZ4 undergo mutation
Acrodermatitis entero hepatica
Absorb zinc, kapag mutated no absorption
Human zinc 4
Function of copper
Co factor for oxydation of iron
Anti oxidant
Cofactor of collagen synthesis
Co factor on melanin production
Copper as oxydation of IRON
Ferrous oxidase
Opper as anti oxidant
Superoxide dismutase
Copper as co factor on collagen metabolism
Lysl oxidase
Copper aso co factor on melanin production
Tyroxidase
From membrane to liver who carry copper?
HCTR1
Copper chaperon
COX17
CTS
Glutathione
ATOPS1
Magdadala kay copper sa mitochondria
COX 17
Copper as co factor in ETC
Cytochrome oxidase
Dadalin nya si copper papuntang cytosol to be use by superoxide dismutase
CTS
Sa bindin prtein nya dadalhin, metalothionine
Glutathione
Dadalhin nya s a golgi apparatus
ATOPS1
ATP 7B gene mutation, toxicity of copper
Wilson disease
Saan na sstore si copper maliban sa liver?
Cornea, desment membrane
Para mabawasan ang copper toxicity
Phencilamin
Kapag sa brain naman nag accumulate si Copper
ATP 7A gene mutation,
Menke’s disease
X linked disorder
Function of manganese
For testis
Co factor for pyruvate carboxylase
Collagen metabolism
Involved in cholesterol metabolism
Manganese as co factor for pyruvate carboxylase
Gluconeogenesis
Manganes as co factor in urea cycle
Arginase
Manganese as co factor in detoxification of ammonia
Glutamine synthetase
Manganese as cofactor on organic matrix
Glycosyl transferase
Manganese involved in collagen metabolism
Prolipase
Manganese involved in cholesterol metabolismqq
Glycocilation reaction
Iodine ATP production
Glycolysis
Kreb
ETC
Beta oxidation
End product of lipolysis
3 fatty acid and glycerol
Selenium transport
Passive diffusion transport
Lipoprotein if goes to circulation
Selenium excreted through
Urine
Selenium def
Cardiac- kenshan disease
- female chinese
Arthritis- kanshenbets disease
What are the different mineral that affect T3 and T4
Iodine and selenium
