Minerals and Rocks

Question 1

the earth’s crust is made up of two things

Answer 1

rocks and minerals

Question 2

are individual crystals
of the same stuff

Answer 2

minerals

Question 3

are combinations of minerals

Answer 3

Rocks

Question 4

naturally occurring aggregate of minerals

Answer 4

Rocks

Question 5

each is unique
composed of elements

Answer 5

Minerals

Question 6

Characteristics of minerals

Answer 6

*homogeneous solid
*inorganic substance
*orderly internal structure
*fixed chemical composition
*naturally occuring

Question 7

is a mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate crystallinity

Answer 7

mineraloids

Question 8

refers to how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral

Answer 8

luster

Question 9

main types of luster

Answer 9

metallic and non metallic

Question 10

looks like a metal
both shiny and opaque

Answer 10

metallic

Question 11

looks like earth
completely opaque
dull

Answer 11

earthy

Question 12

looks like glass
shiny and translucent to transparent

Answer 12

vitreous

Question 13

looks like a paraffin
typically translucent but dull

Answer 13

waxy

Question 14

looks like pearl/ inside of abalone shell
translucent and shiny

Answer 14

pearly

Question 15

•is one of the most obvious properties of a mineral
•Is a result of the way minerals absorb light •but it is the least reliable means of identifying minerals

Answer 15

Color

Question 16

•the color of the mineral in its powdered form
•may or may not be the same col as the mineral
•is obtained by scratching the mineral on an unpolished piece white porcelain called a streak plate

Answer 16

streak

Question 17

is the tendency of a mineral to break along smooth planes parallel to zones of weak bonding.

Answer 17

cleavage

Question 18

is the tendency of a mineral to break along curved surfaces without a definite shape.

Answer 18

fracture

Question 19

Is the resistance of a mineral to scratching or abrasion by other materials.

Answer 19

hardness

Question 20

a German geologist and mineralogist as well.

Answer 20

Friedrich Moh

Question 21

scale used to measure the relative hardness of a mineral by its resistance to scratching

Answer 21

Moh Scale

Question 22

Mohs Hardness Scale

Answer 22

Talc
Gypsum
Calcite
Flourite
Apatite
Potassium Feldspar
Quartz
Topaz
Corondum
Diamond

Question 23

The extent of light that can pass through the mineral.

Answer 23

transparency

Question 24

•measure of the density of mineral
•It determines how heavy the mineral is by its weight to water

Answer 24

Specific Gravity

Question 25

•Is the level of resistance or reaction of minerals to stress
•It can tell if a mineral is brittle, malleable, elastic, etc.

Answer 25

Tenacity

Question 26

The ability of a mineral to attract or repel other minerals.

Answer 26

magnetism

Question 27

Is a distinct smell of a mineral that is usually released from a chemical reaction when subjected to water, heat , air, or friction.

Answer 27

odor

Question 28

minerals, because of their definite chemical compositions, will react at certain conditions to different chemicals presented to them.

Answer 28

reaction to chemicals

Question 29

some minerals when exposed to certain wavelengths of light, will glow or appear to release a certain light. This phenomena is known as

Answer 29

flourescence

Question 30

Continues to glow even after the UV light has been removed

Answer 30

phosphorescence

Question 31

•Looking through it, you see “double”
•Ex. Calcite

Answer 31

Double refraction