Earth Systems

Question 1

A system in which there is only an exchange of heat or energy and no exchange of matter

The earth receives energy from the sun and returns some of this energy to space

Answer 1

Earth Systems

Question 2

4 Main Spheres

Answer 2

atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere

Question 3

Gaseous envelope of Earth

Ozone is an essential gas. It protects from harmful UV radiation.

Answer 3

Atmosphere

Question 4

starts at the Earth’s surface and extends 8 to 14.5 kilometres high (5 to 9 miles). This part of the atmosphere is the densest. Almost all weather is in this region. Most pollution remains here

Answer 4

Troposphere

Question 5

starts just above the troposphere and extends to 50 kilometres (31 miles) high. The ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the solar ultraviolet radiation, is in this layer.

Volcanic gases remain here for years before settling into the troposphere. Very high clouds and large thunderstorms reach this layer

Answer 5

Stratosphere

Question 6

starts just above the stratosphere and extends to 85 kilometres (53 miles) high.
Meteors burn up in this layer

Answer 6

Mesosphere

Question 7

starts just above the mesosphere and extends to 600 kilometres (372 miles) high. Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

Answer 7

Thermosphere

Question 8

layer between mesosphere and thermosphere where atoms and molecules of solar radiation are stripped of their electrons forming charged particles called ions. These ions reflect radio waves.

Answer 8

Ionosphere

Question 9

this is the upper limit of out atmosphere. it extends from the top of the thermosphere up to 10,000 km. light gases escape to outer space

Answer 9

Exosphere

Question 10

-the totality of water surrounding the Earth comprising all the bodies of water. Makes up 70% of Earth’s surface.

Answer 10

Hydrosphere

Question 11

Components of Hydrosphere

Answer 11

Oceans
Glaciers (cryosphere)
Atmospheric water vapours
• Freshwater
• Surface water

Ground water - largest reservoir of freshwater

Question 12

Comes from the Greek word “krios” which means cold
• Places on Earth that are so cold that water is frozen solid.
The components of ________ play an important role in the Earth’s climate. Snow and ice reflect heat from the sun, helping regulate the planet’s temperature.

Answer 12

Cryosphere

Question 13

Solid layer of the earth

Divided into four layers crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

Answer 13

Geosphere

Question 14

4 Composition of the earth or layers of the earth

Answer 14

Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core

Question 15

Earth’s Composition

surface rock layer

Answer 15

Crust

Question 16

Earth’s Composition

thick, dense silica layer where magma comes from

Answer 16

Mantle

Question 17

Earth’s Composition

liquid won and nickel (responsible for convection)

Answer 17

Outer Core

Question 18

Earth’s Composition

solid iron and nickel

Answer 18

inner core

Question 19

outer most layer of the Earth
-relatively thin as it occupies about 1% of the Earth’s volume

Answer 19

crust

Question 20

comprises 82% of Earth’s volume (less dense)

Answer 20

mantle

Question 21

center of the earth
- made up of iron and nickel

Answer 21

core

Question 22

2, 260 km thick
- Low viscosity liquid iron-nickel composition

Answer 22

outer core

Question 23

1,216 km thick
- Solid iron

Answer 23

inner core

Question 24

is the biological component of the Earth

Includes all living organism (microbes, plants and animals) that can be found 1 km above sea level down to the deepest part of the oceans

Ecosystem

Answer 24

Biosphere

Question 25

“human sphere”
-part of the Earth that has been modifies by humans

Answer 25

Anthroposphere